Urinary System/Excretion

Question 1

What is excretion?

Answer 1

• -> the removal of waste produ.

- ->of metabolic reactions

Question 2

What is egestion?

Answer 2

• ->the removal of undi. food waste

- ->from the anus

Question 3

Name 3 excretory organs

Answer 3

• ->lungs
• ->kidneys
• ->skin

Question 4

What do the lungs excrete?

Answer 4

–>Carbon dioxide

Question 5

How do the lungs excrete carbon dioxide?

Answer 5

–>during exhalation

Question 6

What do kidneys excrete?

Answer 6

• -> EXCESS water
• ->EXCESS salts
• ->urea

Question 7

How do kidneys excrete water,salts and urea?

Answer 7

–> by produ. urine

Question 8

Where does the excretion of carbon dioxide and oxygen occurs in plants?

Answer 8

–>the stomata

Question 9

What is the difference between egestion and excretion?

Answer 9

• ->egesti. removal of undig. FOOD WASTE
• -> excret. is the removal of wp of METABOL. REACT.
• ->egesti. occu. from the anus
• ->excret. occu. in SKIN,kidneys and lungs

Question 10

Where does the blood enter the kidney?

Answer 10

–> via renal artery

Question 11

Describe the urinary system

Answer 11

• ->renal artery
• ->renal vein
• ->bladder
• ->kidney
• ->urethra

Question 12

What is the function of the renal artery?

Answer 12

• ->carries OXYGENATED blood
• ->containing WP
• ->to the kidneys

Question 13

What is the function of the renal vein?

Answer 13

• ->carries deoxygenated blood
• ->That has been filtered
• ->away from kidney
• ->back into heart

Question 14

What is the function of the bladder?

Answer 14

• ->Stores urine

- ->as produ. by kidney

Question 15

Describe the passage of blood through the urinary system?

Answer 15

• ->Blood w/ IMPURITIES travel in RA
  - ->2 kidneys
• ->Any excess sent to ureter
• ->2 bladder
• ->PURIFIED blood sent back to circulation thru RV

Question 16

Describe the structure of the nephron

Answer 16

• ->Bowman’s capsule
• ->Proximal convoluted tubule
• ->Loop of Henle
• ->Distal Convoluted tubule
• ->Collecting duct
• ->glomerulus

Question 17

What happens at the proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 17

• ->ALL glucose reab.
  - -> by diffu. and act. trans. in 2 the blood
• ->lots of water reab.
  - ->by OSMOSIS in 2 the blood and {CELLS}

Question 18

What happens in the loop of henle?

Answer 18

–> water reab.

Question 19

What happens at the distal convoluted tubule?

Answer 19

–>SALTS reabsorbed

Question 20

What happens at the collecting duct?

Answer 20

• ->Excess water, excess salt, ions and urea

- ->Excreted

Question 21

What is ultrafiltration?

Answer 21

• -> filtering out of
• ->WP
• ->at high pressure

Question 22

Describe WHAT HAPPENS during ultrafiltration

Answer 22

• ->RA trans. oxygenat. blood to nephron
  - ->under high PRESSURE
• ->In glom., pressure increa. even more
  - -> blood plasm. forced into bowman’s camp
  - ->and in2 tubules
• ->Prot. and blood cells 2 big 2 leave cappilaries
• ->AT PCT all glucose reabsorbed
• ->salts reab, by LoH
• ->Water reab. in collect. duct
• ->Filtra forms urine
• -> Ureter–>bladder–>urethra

Question 23

What is selective reabsorption?

Answer 23

• ->useful sub.

- ->(glucose,ions + water) reab.

Question 24

What is osmoregulation?

Answer 24

• ->The control of WATER CONTENT

- ->in BODY

Question 25

Describe the body’s response when water content is too low

Answer 25

• ->osmoreceptors in hypothalamus det. low water cont.
• -> more ADH from PG
• ->CD permeability increa.
• ->More water reab.

Question 26

Describe urine when the water content is too low

Answer 26

• ->higher SOLUTE conc

- ->less WATER released as urine

Question 27

Describe the body’s RESPONSE when water content is too high

Answer 27

• ->Osmoreceptors in hypothalamus det. high water cont.
• ->less ADH from PG
• ->CD permeability decrea
• ->Less water reab.

Question 28

Describe urine when water content is too high

Answer 28

• ->lower solute conc
• ->more water released as urine
• ->more dilute