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Dentistry-5th semester > Cysts-radiology II > Flashcards

Cysts-radiology II Flashcards

1
Q

What is a cyst?

A

A Cyst is a benign pathologic cavity filled with fluid, lined by epithelium, and surrounded by a connective tissue wall.

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2
Q

Which are the types of cysts?

A

◼ Odontogenic
◼ Non-Odontogenic

◼ Pseudocysts

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3
Q

Odontoggenic Cysts:

A
  • Radicular cyst
  • Residual cyst
  • Dentigerous cyst
  • Paradental cysts (Buccal bifurcation cysts)
  • Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC)
  • o Basal cell nevus-bifid rib-OKC syndrome
  • Lateral periodontal cyst
  • Calcifying odontogenic cyst
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4
Q

Non – Odontogenic Cysts:

A
  • Nasopalatine cyst
  • Nasolabial cyst
  • Dermoid cyst
  • Cysts formerly known as “developmental cysts”
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5
Q

Pseudocysts:

A
  • Simple bone cyst (Traumatic bone cyst)
  • Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
  • Mucous Retention Cyst
  • Stafne Bone Cyst (aka Stafne Bone Defect)
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6
Q

Where do Radicular Cysts result from?

A

Results from the stimulation of the epithelial cell rests in the PDL by the inflammatory products from the non-vital tooth

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7
Q
A

Radicular Cyst

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8
Q
A

Radicular Cysts

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9
Q
A

Radicular Cysts

When we see a double margin around the cyst, as we see here, t means that the cyst perforated both palatal and labial cortexes. Double margin indicates double perforation
A cyst has Low density or radiolucent apperance

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10
Q
A

Residual Cyst

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11
Q

What is a residual cyst?

A

A Residual Cyst is a radicular cyst that was left behind after the extraction of the involved tooth.(an unremoved radicular cyst)

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12
Q
A

Residual cyst

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13
Q
A

Residual cyst

Cyst surrounded by a thin corticated border

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14
Q
A

Residual Cyst with Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Part of the mass of the cyst is not well defined, but it’s developing till the bone and eating part of the bone, this is not a pathological entity we can see in a radiograph, we need a biopsy for the epithelial lining and diagnose cancer.
  • Cysts have well defined borders, sometimes can be corticated and have a low density radiolucent structure. (most common features of a cyst)
  • CT scan where we can see the destruction the squamous cell carcinoma caused on the bone as pointed with the arrows.
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15
Q

Dentigerous Cyst (folicular cyst)

Which are the characteristics of a dentigerous cyst?

A
  • Develops around the crown of an unerupted permanent or supernumerary tooth
  • Second most common type of cyst in the jaws
  • Asymptomatic
  • Internal aspect is completely lucent except for the crown of the involved tooth
  • Either resorbs or displaces the adjacent teeth
  • Follicular spaces >5mm (normal 2-3 mm) should be closely followed for potential development of dentigerous cysts.
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16
Q
A

Dentigerous Cyst (folicular cyst)

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17
Q
A

Dentigerous Cyst (folicular cyst)

BIG cystic lesion that has 3 lobules and caused root resorption for the molars. If we try to remove this lesion, the mandible might fracture.

The cyst will grow and and push the cortical borders and we will have a balloon like structure

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18
Q
A

Dentigerous Cyst (folicular cyst)

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19
Q
A

Dentigerous Cyst (folicular cyst)

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20
Q
A

Dentigerous Cyst (folicular cyst)

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21
Q

Paradental Cysts (Buccal Bifurcation Cysts):

Which are the characteristics of Paradental Cysts (Buccal Bifurcation Cysts)?

A
  • Most common in the 6- to 11-year-old age group.
  • Usually associated with the mandibular first molar, occasionally the mandibular second molar.
  • The associated tooth has an altered eruption pattern with buccal tilting of the crown.
  • The associated tooth is vital.
  • Deep periodontal pockets on the buccal aspect of the tooth.
  • +/- swelling
  • +/- pain or tenderness
  • +/- infection.
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22
Q

Which are the Radiographic Features of the Paradental cysts (Buccal bifurcation cysts)?

A
  • Fine radiopaque concave line as lower limit, producing a U- shaped radiolucent lesion that appears superimposed over the roots.
  • Intact periodontal ligament space and lamina dura. o Increased prominence of lingual cusps due to tilting. o Apices tilted toward lingual cortex.
  • Intact inferior border of mandible.
  • +/- periosteal reaction on buccal surface.
  • +/- bony expansion, thinning and associated swelling of the buccal cortex.
  • +/- displacement of adjacent unerupted teeth
23
Q
A

Paradental cysts (Buccal bifurcation cysts)

A radicular will only show around dead teeth
Here the cyst is for vital teeth thus when they erupt the cyst will resolve

24
Q

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC)

What is an Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC)?

A

An OKC is a non-inflammatory odontogenic cyst that arises from the dental lamina. The epithelium in OKC appears to have innate growth potential similar to some benign tumors.

25
Q
A

OKC

26
Q
A

OKC

27
Q
A

OKC

Unilocular (one locule of cyst and not several ones)

28
Q

Basal Cell Nevus:

A
  • Age range 5-30 years
  • Abnormalities including multiple nevoid basal cell carcinomas of the skin, skeletal abnormalities (bifid ribs, agenesis and/or synostosis of ribs, kyphoscoliosis, vertebral fusion, temporopatietal bossing, etc.), CNS abnormalities (calcification of falx cerebri), eye abnormalities, multiple OKCs
  • It’s an inherited trait usually from the males
29
Q
A

Multiple OKC’s:

30
Q

Lateral Periodontal Cyst

Which are the characteristics of a Lateral Periodontal Cyst?

A
  • Usually unicystic, it may also appear as a cluster of small cysts→botryoid odontogenic cysts
  • Arise from the epithelial rests in the periodontium lateral to the root
  • 50-75% develop in the mandible from lateral incisor to the premolar region
  • In the maxilla, they appear between lateral incisor and canine
31
Q
A

Lateral Periodontal Cyst

32
Q
A

Lateral Periodontal Cyst

33
Q
A

Lateral Periodontal Cyst

34
Q
A

Lateral Periodontal Cyst

35
Q

Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst:

clinical characteristics:

A
  • Clinically, the lesion usually appears as a slow-growing, painless swelling of the jaw. Occasionally the patient complains of pain. In some cases the expanding lesion may destroy the cortical plate, and the cystic mass may become palpable as it extends into the soft tissue.
  • Aspiration often yields a viscous, granular, yellow fluid. → Very Very rare
36
Q

Nasopalatine Duct Cyst-Non – Odontogenic Cysts:

Where does it develop?

A
  • Develops around the nasopalatine canal aka b/w the icisors Sometimes it takes a heart shape, low density, well defined structure

Surgical removal is required to remove this cyst, we can confuse it with a radicular cyst so we check if the teeth are vital then it’s not a radicular cyst, and it’s a nasopalatine duct cyst

37
Q
A

Nasopalatine Duct Cyst

38
Q
A

Nasopalatine Duct Cyst

39
Q
A

Nasopalatine Duct Cyst

  • aka incisive canal cyst
  • If it involves the posterior hard palate,it is termed
  • as median palatal cyst
  • Anteriorly, may be called median anterior
  • maxillary cyst, depending on the radiographic features
40
Q

What is a Nasolabial Cyst?

A

Source of the epithelium may be embryonic nasolacrimal duct, which initially lies on the bone surface.

41
Q
A

Nasolabial Cysts

42
Q
A

“ Globulomaxillary” Cysts

  • Discredited as a developmental cyst
  • Most are found, upon re-examination of histopathological and radiographic evidence, to be radicular or lateral periodontal cysts.
43
Q

Pseudocysts:

A
  • Simple bone cyst (Traumatic bone cyst)
  • Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
  • Mucous Retention Cyst
  • Stafne Bone Cyst (aka Stafne Bone Defect)
44
Q
A

Simple Bone Cyst

They look like cysts, but they are not surrounded by epithelial lining, so they look like a cyst on a radiograph, but they won’t have an epithelial lining

45
Q
A

Simple Bone Cyst Associated with Florid Cemento – osseous Dysplasia

46
Q

What is an aneurysmal bone cyst?

A

The aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is an expansible

osteolytic pseudocystic lesion that most often affects persons during their second decade of life. Albeit virtually any bone of the skeleton may be affected; ABCs are most frequent in the long tubular bones and spine. There are several reports of the occurrence of this pathological entity in the jaws and other craniofacial bones.

47
Q
A

aneurysmal bone cyst

48
Q

Which are the characteristics of a Mucous Retention Cyst?

A
  • Dome shaped opacity in the floor of the maxillary sinus
  • Non-epithelial lined
  • Fluid filled
  • Usually asymptomatic
49
Q
A

mucous retention cyst

50
Q
A

mucous retention cyst

  • Benign lesion that usually occurs on the floor of the maxillary sinus
  • They have a concentration of mucous bcz the sinus cells produce mucus
  • They do not show an epithelium lining
51
Q
A

Stafne Bone Cyst/ Stafne Bone defect

Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression

It’s an anatomical bone cavity It’s not a true cystic lesion, it’s a hole in the bone
It always low and shows below the mandibular canal

52
Q
A
  • Ovoid shape, big mass that looks like tooth
  • Lies above mandibular condyle
  • This must be odontogenic in origin because is in the area of the 3rd molar
53
Q
A

Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst

Dentistry-5th semester (9 decks)

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