Investigations Flashcards
1
Q
What are the investigations for CAP?
A
- CXR
- WBC, CRP, PCT
- O2 sat, ABG
- Sputum gram stain and culture
- Throat swab for viruses (PCR)
- Blood culture
- Urine pneumococcus and legionella antigen
2
Q
What investigations are done for pneumonia?
A
- FBC
- WCC, Hb, platelets
- U+ E’s - urea and creatinine could > AKI > sepsis
- LFT’s - sepsis
- CRP
- Lactate - sepsis
- CXR
- Ultrasound
- Blood culture
- Sputum culture
- PCR
- Urinary antigen
3
Q
What would a right upper lobe collapse look like on a CXR?
A
Loss of lung volume and ribs pulled together on the right. Trachea is shifted to the right, compensatory hyper-inflation of left lung.
4
Q
What does consolidation look like on a CXR?
A
- Margins are poorly defined
- Air bronchograms
- Costo-diaphragmatic angle is maintained
5
Q
What does effusion look like on a CXR?
A
- Well-defined border rising into axilla
- No air bronchograms
- Costo-diaphragmatic angle is lost
6
Q
What investigations should be done for TB?
A
- CXR
- CRP
- HIV test
- LFTs - TB medications affect the liver
- Sample for microbiology - sputum smear and culture, aspirate/biopsy e.g. pleura, lymph node
- Tuberculin skin test - Mantoux test (can’t separate active and latent TB)
7
Q
What would post-primary disease TB show on a CXR?
A
- Upper lobe consolidation
- Apical segment lower lobe
- Cavitation
- Volume loss
- Lymphadenopathy
- Pleural effusion
- Pneumothorax
