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Neuroanatomy > Brain Stem > Flashcards

Brain Stem Flashcards

1
Q

Mesencephalon gives rise to

A

midbrain

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2
Q

Metencephalon gives rise to

A

pons

cerebellum

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3
Q

Myelencephalon gives rise to

A

medulla oblongata

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4
Q

Brain stem components

A

midbrain, pons, & medulla oblongata

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5
Q

Rostral colliculus

A

visual reflexes (body, ocular, & pupillary dilation) in midbrain

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6
Q

Caudal colliculus

A

auditory reflex (startle) in midbrain

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7
Q

Crus cerebri

A

cerebral motor tracts in midbrain

where CN III emerges

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8
Q

Cerebellar peduncles

A

3 tracts of afferent & efferent fibers in pons

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9
Q

Pyramid

A

cerebral motor tracts in medulla

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10
Q

Telencephalon cranial nerves

A

olfactory (CN I)

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11
Q

Diencephalon cranial nerves

A

optic (CN II)

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12
Q

Midbrain cranial nerves

A

oculomotor (CN III)

trochlear (CN IV)

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13
Q

Pons cranial nerves

A

trigeminal (CN V)

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14
Q

Medulla oblongata cranial nerves

A 
abducent (CN VI)
facial (CN VII)
vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)
glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
vagus (CN X)
accessory (CN XI)
hypoglossal (CN XII)
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15
Q

CN XII originates from

A

medulla oblongata

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16
Q

Nucleus of CN XII

A

motor nucleus of XII

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17
Q

Target tissue of CN XII

A

intrinsic & extrinsic muscles of the tongue (styloglossus, hyoglossus, & geniglossus)

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18
Q

Function of CN XII

A

movement of the tongue

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19
Q

Early in unilateral lesion of CN XII, tongue of resting or panting dog

A

tongue towards normal side

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20
Q

Early in unilateral lesion of CN XII, tongue of a licking dog

A

tongue towards lesion

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21
Q

Late in unilateral lesion of CN XII, tongue of a resting or panting dog

A

tongue towards lesion

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22
Q

Late in unilateral lesion of CN XII, tongue of a licking dog

A

tongue towards lesion

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23
Q

Location of reticular formation

A

center of entire brain stem

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24
Q

Structure of reticular formation

A

mix of gray & white matter

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25
Q

Functions of reticular formation

A

consciousness

visceromotor that controls micturition, respiratory, cardiovascular, swallowing, & vomiting

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26
Q

Tectum

A

roof of midbrain

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27
Q

Cerebral aqueduct

A

CSF fluid - in midbrain

28
Q

Tegmentum

A

below cerebral aqueduct, excluding substantia nigra & crus cerebri; in midbrain

29
Q

CN III originates from

A

midbrain

30
Q

Nucleus of CN III

A

motor nucleus of III

31
Q

Target tissue of CN III

A

dorsal, ventral, & medial recti muscles

32
Q

Injury of CN III

A

lateral strabismus
pupillary dilation
drooped eyelid

33
Q

CN IV originates from

A

midbrain

34
Q

Nucleus of CN IV

A

motor nucleus of IV

35
Q

Target tissue of CN IV

A

dorsal oblique

36
Q

Injury of CN IV

A

extorsion of eye

37
Q

CN VI originates from

A

medulla oblongata

38
Q

Nucleus of CN VI

A

motor nucleus of VI

39
Q

Target tissue of CN VI

A

lateral rectus

retractor bulbi

40
Q

Injury of CN VI

A

medial strabismus

absence of 3rd eyelid reflex

41
Q

Sympathetic nerve injury in eye

A

pupillary constriction

42
Q

Cerebellar peduncles are

A

tracts on dorsal surface of pons connecting cerebellum to brain stem

43
Q

Tegmentum of the pons is on what surface

A

dorsal

44
Q

Basilar pons is on what surface & covers what

A

ventral

motor tracts

45
Q

Trigeminal nuclei for touch

A

pontine sensory nuclei of V

46
Q

Trigeminal nuclei for pain & temp

A

nucleus of the spinal tract of V

47
Q

Trigeminal nucleus for proprioception

A

nucleus of the mesencephalic tract of V

48
Q

Trigeminal nucleus for muscles of mastication

A

motor nucleus of V

only mandibular br

49
Q

Fasciculus cuneatus is what & found where

A

ascending sensory tract

dorsal surface of medulla

50
Q

Origin & termination of fasciculus cuneatus

A

origin: spinal cord C1-T5
termination: thalamus

51
Q

Function of fasciculus cuneatus

A

proprioception & touch for cervial area, upper trunk, & thoracic limb

52
Q

Spinal tract of V is what & found where

A

axons of trigeminal n

dorsal surface of medulla

53
Q

Function of spinal tract of V

A

facial pain & temp

54
Q

Trapezoid body is found where

A

ventral surface of medulla

55
Q

Pyramid is what & found where

A

descending motor tract

ventral surface of medulla

56
Q

Origin & termination of pyramid

A

origin: cerebral motor cortex
termination: brain stem & spinal cord

57
Q

Function of pyramid

A

motor

58
Q

Pyramidal dessication is what & found where

A

point where motor tracts of pyramids cross the midline

ventral surface of medulla

59
Q

CN VII origin

A

trapezoid body

60
Q

CN VII functions

A

somatic - muscles of facial expression & blinking
visceral motor - lacrimal gland & salivary glands
sensory - taste

61
Q

Central motor nuclei of CN VII

A

motor nucleus of VII (somatic)

parasympathetic nucleus of VII (visceral)

62
Q

Sensory motor nuclei of CN VII

A

nucleus of the solitary tract

63
Q

Cornual reflex

A

blinking & 3rd eyelid

64
Q

Sensory & motor components of cornual reflex

A

sensory: V (ophthalmic br)
motor: VI & VII

65
Q

Palpebral reflex

A

blinking

66
Q

Sensory & motor components of palpebral reflex

A

sensory: V (ophthalmic br)
motor: VII

Neuroanatomy (2 decks)

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