unplanned pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

what percentage of pregnancies are unplanned ?

A

30 - 50%

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2
Q

most common gynaecological procedure performed in the UK?

A

Termination of pregnancy

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3
Q

when does the ‘Green Form (HSA1)’ certificate need to be completed?

A

certificate A, for every abortion

must be completed by 2 drs

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4
Q

when does the ‘Yellow Form (HSA2)’ need to be completed?

A

all abortions must be reported to CMO

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5
Q

non- emergency causes A-E must be signed by _ drs?

emergency causes F-G must be signed by _ drs?

A

2, 1

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6
Q

second most common clause for TOP?

A
clause E (1%)
foetal anomaly resulting in severe handicapped child
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7
Q

most common clause for TOP

A
clause C (98%)
social reasons
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8
Q

gestational limit according to the abortion act 1967 to carry out a TOP under clause C (social reasons)?

A

24 weeks gestation

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9
Q

gestational limit according to the abortion act 1967 to carry out a TOP under clause E (foetal anomaly)?

A

no gestational limit

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10
Q

what is ‘conscientious objection’

A

the right to refuse to participate in TOP

excludes management of life-threatening situations, admin tasks, supervision and must not delay a patient access to care

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11
Q

when can a medical TOP be performed at home?

A

<12 weeks gestation

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12
Q

which two drugs are involved in at home medical TOP?

A

200 mg mifepristone (anti-progesterone) taken orally

800 mg misoprostol (prostaglandin analogue) PV/SL 24-48 hours later

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13
Q

when might someone having an at home medical TOP need a second dose of misoprostol?

A

if they are >10 weeks gestation and did not bleed after the first dose
they should get an additional 400mg dose

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14
Q

when is a medical TOP performed as an inpatient?

A

> 12 weeks gestation

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15
Q

which drugs are used in an inpatient medical TOP

A

800mg misoprostol (PV) then 400mg three hourly PV/SL/Oral (up to 4x)

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16
Q

which type of pregnancy test should be taken following a medical TOP and when?

A

low sensitivity pregnancy test should be taken 2 weeks after medical TOP

confirms complete procedure (5% failure rate)

17
Q

most common TOP method for women in first trimester?

A

at home medical TOP

18
Q

which type of surgical TOP is performed <14 weeks and >14 weeks?

A

<14 weeks: MVA

>14 weeks: D&C

19
Q

agents used for cervical priming in surgical TOP?

A

misoprostol or osmotic dilator

20
Q

who should receive antibiotic prophylaxis?

A

everyone receiving a surgical TOP and ‘high risk’ people receiving a medical TOP

21
Q

recommended antibiotic prophylaxis regime?

A

100mg Doxycycline for 7 days BD
or 1g Azithromycin + 500mg for 2 days

do not give metronidazole with the above

22
Q

VTE prophylaxis for high risk and very high risk?

A

high risk: LMWH after TOP for 1/52

very high risk: LMWH before and 6/52 after tOP

23
Q

when does ovulation begin after a TOP?

A

within a month

can be as early as eight days

24
Q

one in three women experience repeat abortions. T/F?

A

true

25
Q

when can contraception be given after a TOP?

A

ALL methods can be given at time or within 5 days = effective immediately

26
Q

complications of TOP?

A

haemorrhage
failed/incomplete procedure
uterine perforation/cervical trauma (surgical TOP)

27
Q

side effects of misoprostol?

A

progesterone analogue

constipation, diarrhoea, dizziness, flatulence; GI discomfort, headache

28
Q

mechanism of action of misoprostol?

A

synthetic prostaglandin analogue
potent uterine stimulant
anti-secretory & protective properties; promotes gastric ulcer healing

29
Q

mechanism of action of mifepristone?

A

anti-progesterone drug

sensitises the myometrium to prostaglandin-induced contractions and ripens the cervix.

30
Q

side effects of mifepristone?

A

Abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, N& V, infection, PID, vaginal haemorrhage