Chapter 1 pt. 2

Question 1

In the first eight amendments, there are _____ individual rights set out.

Answer 1

23

Question 2

It was not until the twentieth century that the provisions of the ____________ were applied to actions of state governments, through a process referred to as _________.

Answer 2

Bill of Rights

Incorporation

Question 3

What 1833 Supreme Court case expressly held that the Bill of Rights applied only to the federal government.

Answer 3

Barron v. Baltimore

Question 4

What amendment forbids states from denying citizens due process of law or equal protection under the law.

Answer 4

Fourteenth Amendment

Question 5

_______ means that the justices interpreted the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment.

Answer 5

Incorporation

Question 6

__________ __________ simply means the power of the court, specifically judges, to examine a law and determine whether it is constitutional.

Answer 6

Judicial review

Question 7

Is judicial review a judge made law?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What case established the authority of the United States Supreme Court to engage in judicial review of the acts of the other branches of government?

Answer 8

Marbury v. Madison

Question 9

What involves the legal authority of a court to hear a case?

Answer 9

Jurisdiction

Question 10

What involves the authority of the court over the person?

Answer 10

Personal Jurisdiction

Question 11

What involves the authority conferred on a court to hear a particular type of case? _______ ________ Jurisdiction.

Answer 11

Subject matter jurisdiction

Question 12

What refers to the authority of courts to hear cases that arise within specified boundaries, such as a city, county, state, or country.

Answer 12

Geographic jurisdiction

Question 13

What involves the division of responsibilities and functions among the various courts.

Answer 13

Hierarchical jurisdiction

Question 14

What means that a court has the authority to hear a variety of cases; is is not limited to hearing only a particular type of case.

Answer 14

General jurisdiction

Question 15

What means that a court has authority to hear particular types of cases.

Answer 15

Limited Jurisdiction

Question 16

What refers to the power of the court to hear the case initially.

Answer 16

Original Jurisdiction

Question 17

A suit between two states would start at what level?

Answer 17

Supreme Court

Question 18

What refers to the power of the court to review a decision of a lower court?

Answer 18

Appellate jurisdiction

Question 19

What type of error is one that is serious enough to require reversal?

Answer 19

reversible error

Question 20

What error will not result in the reversal of a case?

Answer 20

Harmless error

Question 21

What type of error is one that did not deprive the defendant of a fair trial or affect the outcome of the case?

Answer 21

Harmless error

Question 22

There are essentially two court systems in the United States:
1.
2.

Answer 22

1. the court systems of the fifty states

2. the federal court system

Question 23

What act established Supreme Court membership at six justices and created three federal circuit courts and thirteen district courts, one in each state.

Answer 23

Judiciary Act of 1789

Question 24

What courts are created under the authority of Article Three of the Constitution?

Answer 24

Article 3 Courts