Unidimensional Pain Tools

Question 1

unidimensional pain assessment tools

Answer 1

numerical rating scale
wong-baker faces pain scale
flacc pain scale
neonatal infant pain scale
critical care pain observation tool
pain assessment in advance dementia

Question 2

pain assessment tools according to age

Answer 2

numerical rating scale: >18 yo
wong-baker faces scale: 3-17 yo
flacc pain scale: 1-2 yo
naonatal infant pain scale: <1 yo

Question 3

pain assessment tool for non communicating patients

Answer 3

critical care pain observation tool

Question 4

pain assessment tool for patients with advanced dementia

Answer 4

pain assessment in advanced dementia

Question 5

if the patient cannot respond verbally, ___

Answer 5

ask patient to point to words, scales, or anatomical drawings

Question 6

t/f you need to ask the patient to rate each pain individually

Answer 6

false, have the patient provide a single, global estimate of pain intensity

Question 7

t/f you need to use the same pain rating scale each time pain is evaluated

Answer 7

true

Question 8

t/f pain intensity is proportional to the type or extent of tissue damage

Answer 8

false, not proportional

Question 9

pain ratings of ___ interfere markedly with activity

Answer 9

4 or greater

Question 10

advantage to using nrs

Answer 10

• easy to use and simple to describe
• high rate of adherence
• flexible administration
• validated for numerous setting and pain types

Question 11

disadvantages of nrs

Answer 11

• less reliable to very young or old

- less reliable for pts with visual, hearing, or cognitive impairment

Question 12

most commonly used rating scale

Answer 12

nrs

Question 13

advantages of visual analog scale

Answer 13

• efficient to administer

- valid for chronic pain >5 yo

Question 14

disadvantages to vas

Answer 14

• time consuming
• controversial validity
• poor reproducibility with cognitive dysfunction

Question 15

t/f vas is preferred over faces pain scale in the elderly

Answer 15

false, faces pain scale for elderly

Question 16

t/f in the faces pain scale you compare the patient’s face to the drawings

Answer 16

false, you ask patient to point

Question 17

advantages of faces pain scale

Answer 17

• easier than nrs or vas
• no difference in culture, gender, ethnicity
• good for difficult communication

Question 18

disadvantages of faces pain scale

Answer 18

• potential for distorted assessment

- need for instrumentation

Question 19

components of flacc scale

Answer 19

face
legs 
activity
cry 
consolability

Question 20

scores in flacc rating sclae

Answer 20

0 relaxed and comfortable
1-3 mild discomfort
4-6 moderate pain
7-10 severe pain

Question 21

components of neonatal infants pain scale

Answer 21

facial expression
cry
breathing
arms
legs
alertness

Question 22

components of critical pain observation tool (cpot)

Answer 22

facial expression
body movements
muscle tension
compliance with ventilator or vocalization

Question 23

cpot scoring

Answer 23

= 2: minimal to no pain, consider reevaluation

>2: unacceptable level of pain, consider further alternative analgesia and sedation

Question 24

components of pain in advance dementia

Answer 24

breathing
negative vocalization
facial expression
body language
consolability

Question 25

pain ad scoring

Answer 25

1-3 mild pain
4-6 moderate pain
7-10 severe pain

Question 26

red flags

Answer 26

chest pain
nontraumatic abdominal pain
extremities: new onset numbness, painful deformity, weakness
pain score >3/10
dementia patients increase from baseline