plant disease Flashcards
How to notice plant disease
rot
Discolouration
malformed stem
spots
pests
stunted growth
how do plants get ill
infected bu pathogens/bacteria/fungus/insects
minerals ions deficiency
How do work out problem
use books
Lab testing
Testing kit with immobilised monoclonal antibodies
insect damage
aphids/greenfly/blackfly/plant ice
symptoms:
poor distorted growth
Sticky honeydew
Sooty mould
Mostly active during spring to summer on gardens
All time indoors
Mechanical adaptations
leaves curl when touched
Thorns and hairs deter animals
chemical response
posion deters herbivores
cause death / vomit /infection
Contains antibacterial chemicals
which used to make medicine
physical defense
layers of dead cells around stem - which fall off removing pathogens
Fungus on plants surface
Tough waxy cuticle prevents pathogens entering epidermal tissue
Cellulose wall
mimicry
disgiuse from being eaten / damage
Flower
sexual reproduction contains bith male and female parts
leaf
Photosynthesis takes place
Cells contain chloroplast which have chlorophyll
roots
anchorage
water moves by osmosis
root hair cell
has adaptations which allows water to be taken in
Thin long hairs
large sa - easy diffusion
Thin wall - reduces diffusion distance
Large vacuole - large cell sap keeps water
Osmosis
movement of water molecules from area of high to low concentration down concentration gradient until equilibrium passive process - no energy required through semi permeable membrane
movement of minerals
by diffusion mineral concentration is higher in soil than in root hair cell equilibrium more minerals are taken in active transport takes over mineral ion from low concentration to high concentration against concentration gradient energy used
less Magnesium
production of chlorophyll is reduced
bot enough chlorophyll for light absorption
yellow discolouration due to lack of pigments
Lack of photosynthesis =less sugars/glucose
less sugar- less energy for respiration for metabolic process
Cannot join with nitrate to make proteins
