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General > Weight & Balance > Flashcards

Weight & Balance Flashcards

1
Q

Find the empty weight CG location for the following tricycle-gear aircraft. Each main wheel weighs 753 pounds, nose wheel weighs 22 pounds, distance between nose wheel and main wheels is 87.5 inches, nose wheel location is +9.875 inches from the datum, with 1 gallon of hydraulic fluid at -21.0 inches included in the weight scale

A

+96.11 inches

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2
Q

Which statement is true regarding helicopter weight and balance?

A

Weight and balance procedures for airplanes generally also apply to helicopters

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3
Q

When an empty aircraft is weighed, the combined net weight at the main gear is 3,540 pounds with an arm of 195.5 inches. At the nose gear, the net weight is 2,322 pounds with an arm of 83.5 inches. The datum line is forward of the nose of the aircraft. What is the empty CG of the aircraft?

A

151.1

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4
Q

Use of which of the following generally yields the highest degree of aircraft leveling accuracy?

A

Spirit level(s)

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5
Q

When an aircraft is positioned for weighing on scales located under each landing gear wheel, which of the following may cause erroneous scale readings?

A

Parking brakes set

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6
Q

When, or under what condition(s) are adverse loading checks conducted?

A

Anytime a repair or alteration causes EWCG to fall outside the CG range

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7
Q

The maximum weight as used in weight and balance control of a given aircraft can normally be found

A

In the aircraft specification or Type Certificate Data Sheet

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8
Q

As weighed, the total empty weight of an aircraft is 5,862 pounds with a moment of 885,957. However, when the aircraft was weighed, 20 pounds of potable water were board at +84, and 23 pounds of hydraulic fluid were in a tank located at +101. What is the empty weight CG of the aircraft?

A

-151.365

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9
Q

The useful load of an aircraft consists of the

A

Crew, usable fuel, passengers, and cargo

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10
Q

An aircraft with an empty weight of 2,100 pounds and an empty weight CG +32.5 was altered as follows:

1) Two 18-pound passenger seats located at +73 were removed;
2) Structural modifications were made at +77 increasing weight by 17 pounds;
3) A seat and safety belt weighing 25 pounds were installed at +74.5; what is the new empty weight CG?

A

+33.68

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11
Q

In an aircraft CG is found to be at 24 percent of MAC, that 24 percent is an expression of the

A

Distance form the LEMAC

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12
Q

If a 40 pound generator applies +1400 inch pounds to a reference axis, the generator is located

A

+35 from the axis

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13
Q

When accomplishing loading computations for a small aircraft, necessary information obtained from the weight and balance records would include

A

Current empty weight and empty weight CG

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14
Q

-Datum is forward of the main gear center point – 30.24 inches
-Actual distance between til gear & main gear center points – 360.26 inches
-Net weight at right main gear – 9,980 pounds
-Net weight at left main gear – 9,770 pounds
-Net weight at tail gear – 1,970 pounds
These items were in the aircraft when weighed:
1) Lavatory water tank full (34 pounds at +352)
2) Hydraulic fluid (22 pounds at -8)
3) Removable ballast (146 pounds at +380)
What is the empty weight cG of the aircraft described above?

A

60.31 inches

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15
Q

The empty weight of an airplane is determined by

A

Subtracting the tare weight from the scale reading and adding the weight of each weighing point.

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16
Q

An aircraft had an empty weight of 2,886 pounds with a moment of 101,673.78 before several alterations were made. The alterations included:
1) Removing two passenger seats (15 pounds each) at +71;
3) Installing a seat and safety belt (20 pounds) at +71; and
4) Installing radio equipment (30 pounds) at +94.
The alterations caused the new empty weight CG to move

A

1.62 inches aft of the original empty weight CG

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17
Q

Two boxes which weigh 10 pounds and 5 pounds are placed in an airplane so that their distance aft from the CG are 4 feet and 2 feet respectively. How far forward of the CG should a third box, weighing 20 pounds, be places so that the CG will not be changed?

A

2.5 feet

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18
Q

Where do you look to determine the operating CG range when calculating a new aircraft weight and balance document?

A

It is found in the type certificate data sheet

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19
Q

An aircraft with an empty weight of 1,500 pounds and an empty weight CG pf +28.4 was altered as follows:
1) Two 12-pound seats located at -168.5 were removed;
2) Structural modifications weighing +28 pounds were made at +73;
3) A seat and safety belt weighing 30 pounds were installed at +70.5; and
4) Radio equipment weighing 25 pounds was installed at +85.
What is the new empty weight CG?

A

+30.30

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20
Q

All other things being equal, if an item of useful load located aft of an aircraft’s CG is removed, the aircraft’s CG change will be

A

Forward in proportion to the weight of the item and its location in the aircraft

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21
Q

An aircraft’s LEMAC and TEMAC are defined in terms of distance

A

From the datum

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22
Q

If the reference datum line is places at the nose of an airplane rather than at the firewall or some other location aft of the nose,

A

All measurement arms will be in positive numbers

23
Q

What type of measurement is used to designate the arm in weight and balance computation

A

Distance

24
Q

If it is necessary to weight an aircraft with full fuel tanks, all fuel weight must be subtracted from the scale reading (s)

A

Except unusable fuel

25
Q

To obtain useful weight data for purposes of determining the CG, it is necessary that an aircraft be weighed

A

In a level flight attitude

26
Q

In the theory of weight and balance, what is the name of the distance from the fulcrum to an object?

A

Lever arm

27
Q

When making a rearward weight and balance check to determine that the CG will not exceed the rearward limit during extreme conditions, the items of useful load which should be computed at their minimum weights are those located forward of the

A

Rearward CG limit

28
Q

The useful load of an aircraft is the difference between

A

The maximum takeoff weight and basic empty weight

29
Q

The following alteration was performed on an aircraft:
A model B engine weighing 175 pounds were replaced by a model D engine weighing 185 pounds at -62.00 inch station. The aircraft weight and balance records show the previous empty weight to be 998 pounds and an empty weight CG of 13.48 inches. What is the new empty weight CG?

A

12.73 inches

30
Q

1) Private aircraft are required by regulations to be weighed periodically.
2) Private aircraft are required to be weighed after making alteration.
Regarding the above statements,

A

Neither no.1 nor no.2 is true

31
Q

In the process of weighing an airplane toward obtaining the CG, the arms, from weighing points always extend

A

Parallel to the centerline of the airplane

32
Q

What is meant by the term “residual fuel”?

A

The fuel remaining in the tanks, lines, and engine after draining

33
Q

An aircraft as loaded weighs 4,954 pounds at a CG of +30.5 inches. The CG range is +32.0 inches to +42.1 inches. Find the minimum weight of the ballast necessary to bring the CG within the CG range. The ballast arm is +162 inches

A

57.16 pounds

34
Q

When computing the maximum forward loaded CG of an aircraft, minimum weights, arms, and moments should be used for items of useful load that are located aft of the

A

Forward CG limit

35
Q

An aircraft with an empty weight of 1,800 pounds and an empty weight CG of +31.5 was altered as follows:
1)Two 15-pound passenger seats located at +72 were removed;
2) Structural modifications increasing the weight 14 pounds were made at +76;
3) A seat and safety belt weighing 20 pounds were installed at +73.5; and
4) Radio equipment weighing 30 pounds was installed at +30
What is the new empty weight CG?

A

+31.61

36
Q

What tasks are completed prior to weighing an aircraft to determine its empty weight?

A

Remove all items except those on the aircraft equipment list; drain fuel and fill hydraulic reservoir

37
Q

The major source of weight change for most aircraft as they age is caused by

A

Repairs and alteration

38
Q

What should be clearly indicated on the aircraft weighing form?

A

Weighing points

39
Q

The amount of fuel used for computing empty weight and corresponding CG is

A

Unusable fuel

40
Q

When dealing with weight and balance of an aircraft, the term ‘maximum weight’ is interpreted to mean the maximum

A

Authorized weight of the aircraft and its contents

41
Q

Maximum zero fuel weight is the

A

Maximuelm permissible weight of a loaded aircraft (passengers, crew, and cargo) without fu

42
Q

When computing weight and balance, an airplane is considered to be in balance when

A

The average moment arm of the loaded airplane falls within its CG range

43
Q

The maximum weight of an aircraft is the

A

Empty weight plus useful load

44
Q

Most modern aircraft are designed so that if all seats are occupied, full baggage weight is carried, and all fuel tanks are full, what will be the weight condition of the aircraft?

A

It will be in excess of maximum takeoff

45
Q

What FAA-approved document gives the leveling means to used when weighing an aircraft?

A

Type Certificate Data Sheet

46
Q

Improper loading of a helicopter which results in exceeding either the fore or aft CG limits is hazardous due to the

A

Reduction or loss of effective cyclic pitch control.

47
Q

The CG range in single-rotor helicopters is

A

More restricted than for airplanes

48
Q

Which of the following can provide the empty weight of an aircraft if the aircraft’s weight and balance records become lost, destroyed, or otherwise inaccurate?

A

Reweighing the aircraft.

49
Q

If the empty weight CG of an airplane lies within the empty weight CG limits,

A

It is not necessary tp calculate CG extremes

50
Q

When determining the empty weight of an aircraft, certified under current airworthiness standards (14 CFR part 23), the oil contained in the supply tank is considered

A

A part of the empty weight

51
Q

In a balance computation of an aircraft from which an item located aft of the datum was removed, use

A

(-) weight x (+)arm (-) moment

52
Q

Which would have an effect on aircraft CG results when conducting a weight and balance check?

A

Leaving the downlocks installed

53
Q

What determines whether the value of a moment is preceded by a plus (+) or a minus (-) sign in aircraft weight and balance?

A

The result of a wight being added or removed and its location relative to the datum.

General (12 decks)

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