2. 1 - Functionalist Theories

Question 1

2 things functionalists believe we need for society to function

Answer 1

Social solidarity and value consensus

Question 2

3 ways schools create social solidarity according to Durkheim

Answer 2

Instilling social solidarity
Teaching social rules
Teaching specialist skills

Question 3

What is instilling social solidarity?

Answer 3

Transmitting shared norms and values and teaching people how to fit in

Question 4

Social solidarity AO3

Answer 4

Hargreaves - encourages competition as have top and bottom set

Question 5

AO3 teaching social rules

Answer 5

Not all students are treated the same - labelling

Question 6

What are teaching social rules

Answer 6

Treating every student the same. They are expected to conform to a set of norms and values

Question 7

What are teaching specialist skills

Answer 7

Division of labour - people are specialised in different jobs

Question 8

Teaching specialist skills AO3

Answer 8

Schultz - develop human capital and teach skills that can’t be taught at home. Investing in the future

Question 9

Who is Parsons?

Answer 9

Functionalist

Question 10

What standards did Parsons create?

Answer 10

Universal and particularistic

Question 11

What are particularistic standards?

Answer 11

Parents treat each child as special and unique

Question 12

What are universal standards?

Answer 12

All pupils treated the same way and are expected to conform to same set of rules

Question 13

Parsons - education …….. …. …….. people

Answer 13

Sifts and sorts

Question 14

Define meritocracy

Answer 14

Jobs and pay are allowed allocated based on an individuals talent, rather than social status

Question 15

AO3 for meritocracy (3)

Answer 15

Dyslexics, connections, private school

Question 16

Who are Davis and Moore?

Answer 16

Functionalists

Question 17

Davis and Moore- education …….. … .

Answer 17

Sifts and sorts

Question 18

Do Davis and Moore like meritocracy?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

AO3 for society is more productive as people do important jobs and financially rewarded (2)

Answer 19

Reproduction of inequality (Marxists)

Don’t always get best job if have best qualifications

Question 20

Functionalists AO3 - Post modernists (3)

Answer 20

Outdated ideas as not everyone has shared norms and values
Economy isn’t based on factories but technology
Limited knowledge- help pass a test

Question 21

Functionalists AO3 - Feminists

Answer 21

Expressive and instrumental roles (Parsons)

Education is directed towards men

Question 22

Functionalists AO3 - Marxists

Answer 22

Some social groups are disadvantaged
Myth of meritocracy
Transmit UC norms and values

Question 23

How are functionalists too positive?

Answer 23

There will always be inequality and not everyone is academic

Gillbourne and Youdell - racialised expectations

Question 24

Name 5 functionalists (3 main)

Answer 24

Parsons
Durkheim
Davis and Moore

Hargreaves
Schultz