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HIT 117 > CH 5 Case Study Vocab > Flashcards

CH 5 Case Study Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Acute myocardial ischemia

A

Sudden decrease in blood flow to the heart muscle

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2
Q

Angina

A

Sharp pain in the chest resulting from a decrease in blood supply to the heart muscle

*Also called angina pectoris

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3
Q

Antiarrhythmic

A

Pertaining to a drug that works against or prevents abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias)

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4
Q

Anticoagulant

A

Drug that prevents clotting (coagulation)

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5
Q

Coronary angiogram

A

X-ray record of blood vessels surrounding the heart

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6
Q

Diuretic

A

Drug that causes kidneys to allow more fluid (as urine) to leave the body

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7
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

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8
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

Death of tissue in the heart muscle

*Also known as a heart attack or an MI

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9
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Drug that relaxes muscle and opens blood vessels

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10
Q

Spasm

A

Involuntary, sudden muscle contraction

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11
Q

Stent

A

Tube inserted into an artery, blood vessel, or duct to keep it open

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12
Q

Ventricular arrhythmias

A

Abnormal heart rhythm originating in the lower chambers of the heart

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13
Q

Anemic

A

Pertaining to anemia

Anemia: deficiency of hemoglobin and/or in numbers of red blood cells, resulting in reduced delivery of oxygen to body cells

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14
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful menstrual flow

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15
Q

Fibroids

A

Benign growths of muscle tissue in the uterus

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16
Q

Hysterectomy

A

Excision of the uterus, either through the abdominal wall or through the vagina

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17
Q

Leiomyoma

A

Benign tumor derived from smooth (involuntary or visceral) muscle, most often of the uterus

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18
Q

Menorrhagia

A

Excessive bleeding from the uterus during menstruation

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19
Q

Sonogram

A

Record of sound waves after they bounce off of organs in the body

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20
Q

Ultrasound

A

Sound waves with greater frequency than can be heard by the human ear, used to detect abnormalities by beaming the waves into the body and recording echoes that reflect off tissues

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21
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Treatment with drugs, most often used in the treatment of cancer

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22
Q

Diagnosis

A

Complete knowledge of a patient’s condition

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23
Q

Fatigue

A

State of exhaustion or loss of strength

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24
Q

Hepatic

A

Pertaining to the liver

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25
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma

A

Malignant tumor of the lymph nodes

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26
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

Disease of the lymph nodes

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27
Q

Mediastinal

A

Pertaining to the mediastinum

Mediastinum: space between the lungs in the chest

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28
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging

Image of the body with magnetic and radio waves

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29
Q

Needle biopsy

A

Removal of living tissue for microscopic examination by inserting a hollow needle through the skin

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30
Q

Prognosis

A

Prediction that forecasts the outcome of treatment

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31
Q

Radiotherapy

A

Treatment of disease (cancer) with high-energy x-rays or particles such as photons and protons

*Also called radiation therapy

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32
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful or difficult urination

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33
Q

Hematuria

A

Abnormal condition of blood in the urine

34
Q

Lithotripsy

A

Process of crushing a stone in the urinary tract using ultrasonic vibrations

*Also called extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

35
Q

Renal calculus

A

Kidney stone

36
Q

Symptoms

A

Subjective changes in the body

37
Q

Ureter

A

One of two tubes that lead from the kidney to the urinary bladder

38
Q

Abdominal

A

Pertaining to the abdomen

39
Q

Barium

A

Substance used as a radiopaque (x-rays cannot pass through it) contrast medium for x-ray examination of the digestive tract

40
Q

Dyspepsia

A

Painful digestion

41
Q

Gastrectomy

A

Excision of the stomach

42
Q

Gastroscopy

A

Visual examination of the stomach

43
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting of blood

44
Q

Ulcer

A

Sore or defect in the surface of an organ

45
Q

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) series

A

Barium is swallowed, and x-ray images are taken of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine

46
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery that leads from the lower left chamber of the heart to arteries all over the body

47
Q

Carcinoma

A

Cancerous tumor

48
Q

CT scan

A

Computed tomography study

Series of x-ray images showing organs in cross section (transverse view)

*Also called CAT scan

49
Q

Hilum

A

Depression at the part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter

50
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to the side

51
Q

Posteroanterior

A

Pertaining to direction from back to front

52
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Artery carrying blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

53
Q

Insulin pump

A

Portable, battery-powered device that delivers insulin through the abdominal wall in measured amounts

54
Q

Polydipsia

A

Excessive thirst

55
Q

Polyuria

A

Excessive urination

56
Q

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

A

Disorder marked by lack of insulin in the blood, causing sugar to remain in the blood rather than entering cells

57
Q

Callus

A

Bony deposit formed between and around the broken ends of a fractured bone

Also a painless thickening of skin cells in areas of external pressure of friction

58
Q

Femur

A

Thigh bone

59
Q

Fibula

A

Smaller lower leg bone

60
Q

Fixation

A

Act of holding, sewing, or fastening a part in a fixed position

61
Q

Fracture

A

Breaking of a bone

62
Q

Infiltrate

A

Material that accumulates in an organ, usually solid material or fluid in the lungs

63
Q

Intra-abdominal

A

Pertaining to within the abdomen

64
Q

Pelvis

A

Lower part of the trunk of the body including the hip bone, tailbone, and sacrum

65
Q

Antihypertensive

A

Drug that reduces high blood pressure

66
Q

Arteriovenous fistula

A

An abnormal communication between an artery and a vein

Can also be created surgically to provide access for hemodialysis

67
Q

Chronic

A

Lasting a long time or recurring

68
Q

Hemodialysis

A

Use of a kidney machine to filter blood to remove waste materials such as urea

Blood leaves the body, enters the machine, and is carried back to the body through a catheter

69
Q

Hypotensive

A

Pertaining to low blood pressure or to a person with abnormally low blood pressure

70
Q

Renal failure

A

Condition in which the kidneys no longer function

71
Q

Acute

A

Sharp, sudden, and intense for a short period of time

72
Q

Aura

A

A strange sensation coming before more definite symptoms of illness

Often precedes a migraine or epileptic seizure, warning the patient that an attack is beginning

73
Q

Cephalgia

A

Headache

74
Q

Dilation

A

Widening or dilatation

75
Q

Frontal

A

Pertaining to the front or anterior

76
Q

Migraine

A

Attack of headache, usually on one side of the head, caused by changes in blood vessel size and accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light

77
Q

Nausea

A

Unpleasant sensation in the upper abdomen, often leading to vomiting

78
Q

Scotoma

A

Defect in vision in a defined are (blind spot)

79
Q

Unilateral

A

Pertaining to one side

80
Q

Vasoconstrictor

A

Drug that narrows blood vessels, especially small arteries

HIT 117 (23 decks)

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