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anatomy > Oc Dz > Flashcards

Oc Dz Flashcards

1
Q

subepithelial infiltrates

A

No corneal stain b/c epithelial is not broken

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2
Q

Non-metallic foreign bodies

A

vegetable matter cloth cilia stone glass

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3
Q

Name Metallic foreign bodies

A

*Rust ring corneal edema mild anterior chamber rxn

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4
Q

Hyphema signs

A

Lens subluxation Vossius ring Pain blurred vision blood in anterior chamber

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5
Q

8-ball hyphema

A

100% blood in anterior chamber

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6
Q

microhyphemas

A

RBCs in ant chamber `

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7
Q

Idiopathic hyphema caused by:

A

Blood thinners (aspirin, NSAID) Sickle Cell

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8
Q

Testing for hyphema

A

Complete blood count (CBC) Prothrombin time/partial thromboplastin time (PT/PTT) sickle cell screen

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9
Q

What test to AVOID if Intraocular foreign body?

A

MRI b/c if metal struck eye then bad if do MRI

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10
Q

(+) forced duction in which ocular conditions?

A

CANNOT physically move eye Brown syndrome Duane retraction Graves ophthalmopathy

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11
Q

trauma disrupts RPE and outer segments of PR

A

Commotio retinae

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12
Q

Berlin’s edema

A

commotio retinae in the macula acute vision loss if trauma w/in macula

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13
Q

does commotio retinae resolve on its own?

A

3-6 wks by itself

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14
Q

disinsertion of iris root and ciliary body; looks like peripheral iris hole

A

iridodialysis

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15
Q

subretinal neovascularization aka choroidal neovascularization in 6 conditions (mnemonic*)

A

CHBALA Choroidal rupture histoplasmosis Best Dz AMD Lacquer cracks Angioid streaks

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16
Q

What test should you perform if corneal or conjunctival tear or laceration

A

open globe wound -> Do Seidel’s test

17
Q

What is pathophysiology? Name type of infections from it

A

Presceptal cellulitis: infection IN FRONT OF Orbital Septum

Ocular infection: hordeolum, dacryocystitis

systemic infection: upper respiratory tract or middle ear infection

skin truma: puncture wound, insect bite

18
Q

name ocular condition for:

sinus infection: ethmoid sinusitis (infection easily spread thru thin lamina papyracea)

orbital infection: dacryoadenitis, dacryocystitis, progression of preseptal cellulitis

Orbital fracture

dental infection

A

Orbital Cellulitis

19
Q

most common bacterial culprits in children and adults respectively

A

Haemophilus influenza for children

Staphylococcus aureus for adults

20
Q

What common symptoms for orbital cellulitis

A

APD

proptosis

diplopia

EOM restrictions

Eyelid edema

21
Q

Mucomycosis is what? can develop in diabetics and immunocompromised with orbital cellulitis

A

fungal infection, life-threatening, “Black eschar” in mouth and nose

22
Q

Another name for thyroid eye disease

A

Graves’ ophthalmopathy

23
Q

Thyroid Eye disease

Demographics/epidemiology

Pathophysiology

A

F >> M (8:1)

40-50s yo = MIDDLE-AGED

Myasthenia gravis

SMOKING!!! 2-9X risk of TED

autoimmune disorder where TSH inflames and thickens EOM by fibroblast proliferation

Can cause HYPERTHYROIDISM

24
Q

Signs of: proptosis, upper eyelid retraction, EOM restriction, decreased color vision, APD

what is the name of the ocular condition

A

Thyroid eye disease

25
Q

What are symptoms of TED

A

prominent eyes

chemosis

FBS

tearing

photophobia

diplopia

pain

decreased vision

color vision

26
Q

What is NO SPECS

A

TED grading

N: No signs/symptoms

O: only signs and no symptoms. Dalrymple’s sign = “stare appearance” b/c of upper lid retraction

S: soft tissue such as lid edema and conjunctival chemosis

P: Proptosis

E: EOM involved -> cause diplopia; INFERIOR RECTUS affected first (IM SLO)

C: Corneal involvement (punctate keratitis, SLK, ulceration)

S: sight loss due to optic nerve compression

27
Q

What is the greatest threat to vision

A

Optic nerve compression

28
Q

capillary hemangioma

A

benign in children (diagnosed 6 months after birth)

can cause:

  • proptosis
  • deprivation amblyopia if visual axis blocked
    *
29
Q

most common benign tumor in adults

A

Cavernous hemangioma (40 - 60 yr olds)

F>>M

30
Q

Name of benign yellow-white tumor in astrocytes commonly in young to middle-aged adults

A

Neurofibroma

anatomy (7 decks)

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