vocabularyD

Question 1

D

Answer 1

The 3DES decryption algorithm.

Question 2

DAC

Answer 2

Discretionary Access Control is an identity-based access control. This means that the user must be authenticated as a specific user, and, based on those privileges, can specify who else can access that object. DAC gives the owner the ability to specify access restrictions.

Question 3

Data

Answer 3

Specially formatted, binary machine-readable information. Data can exist as numbers, text, bits, or bytes.

Question 4

Data-link Layer

Answer 4

The layer of the ISO/OSI reference model that handles the actual data packet transfer and physically gives it to the interface. This layer handles physical addressing, error handling, and flow control.

Question 5

Data Classification

Answer 5

The process of identifying data and putting it into a specific category to determine importance. It identifies the value of data, satisfies the legal or regulatory criteria, and aids in choosing appropriate controls.

Question 6

Data Hiding

Answer 6

An object-oriented programming technique where the only access to data is through carefully designed methods.

Question 7

Data Mining

Answer 7

The process of moving through different data repositories and fetching summary data.

Question 8

Data Warehouse

Answer 8

A repository of information from multiple databases in which the schema or data layout is set up in a very generic way to provide easy access from data piece to data piece without going through a hierarchical structure.

Question 9

Database

Answer 9

A collection of information organized in rows and columns. The information can be analyzed once it has been organized.

Question 10

DBMS

Answer 10

Database management system is a class of software made up of different architectures that are dependent upon the required task. The DBMS acts as an interface between the database and the user.

Question 11

DDoS

Answer 11

Distributed denial of service is many compromised systems attacking a single target causing DoS for other users.

Question 12

DDoS Attack

Answer 12

Distributed denial of service is many compromised systems attacking a single target causing DoS for other users.

Question 13

Decentralized Authentication

Answer 13

An authentication type in which administrative access is handled closer to the objects that are being controlled, such as multiple machines with information like a security domain.

Question 14

DES

Answer 14

Data Encryption Standard is a symmetric cryptographic algorithm standard published in 1977 and adopted by the US Government as standard for all data communications. DES uses 64-bit blocks and a 56-bit key to test key validity.

Question 15

Dial-up

Answer 15

A technology that uses a public telephone network to connect to a system rather than a dedicated private network.

Question 16

Dictionary Attack

Answer 16

A selective attack where a dictionary of common words, identification credentials, or frequently used user IDs are submitted to the authentication device.

Question 17

Differential Backup

Answer 17

A backup type similar to an incremental backup, but with a larger given time span every time a backup is cut.

Question 18

Diffie-Hellman Exchange

Answer 18

A key distribution algorithm that is used to calculate and exchange values that result in each party possessing the same key that may be used for secret key encryption.

Question 19

Digital Certificate

Answer 19

A copy of a persons public key that is endorsed by a trusted third party.

Question 20

Digital Signature

Answer 20

A process used to verify the authenticity of a message or user by matching digests.

Question 21

Distributed Environment

Answer 21

An environment in which application components execute on multiple machines.

Question 22

DITSCAP

Answer 22

The Defense Information Technology Security Certification and Accreditation Process is a standard for certification and accreditation of computer systems generally pertaining to the US Department of Defense.

Question 23

DMZ

Answer 23

A demilitarized zone is an area that exists between two networks that do not trust each other.

Question 24

Domain

Answer 24

A group of computers on a network that share a Security Accounts Manager database and security policies.

Question 25

DoS

Answer 25

A denial of service attack disables the services of a resource that a user or organization would typically expect to have.

Question 26

DoS Attack

Answer 26

A Denial of Service attack attempts to stop a network by flooding it with useless traffic. A DoS system is used as a master to communicate with, and host hacking tools from the Internet allowing the hacker to send out attacks using a single command.

Question 27

DoS Attack

Answer 27

A denial of service attack disables the services of a resource that a user or organization would typically expect to have.

Question 28

DRP

Answer 28

Disaster recovery plan is used for restoring critical business functions after a disaster to the point it was prior to the disaster. The plan specifically covers disasters not addressed in the BCP.

Question 29

DSA

Answer 29

Digital Signature Algorithm is an asymmetric algorithm used to authenticate digital signatures with a variable length key size from 512 to 1024 bits. DSA works with SHA-1 digests.

Question 30

DSL

Answer 30

Digital Subscriber Line is a technology type that uses existing twisted pairs to provide high-speed connections.

Question 31

DSS

Answer 31

Digital Signature Standard is the documentation or standard that was set forth by NIST for all cryptography uses with respect to government entities. It specifies that DSA is used for digital signatures and SHA-1 is used for hashing functions.

Question 32

Dual-Homed Host

Answer 32

A firewall architecture that is similar to a screened-host, but the bastion host contains two NICs. One NIC is connected to the trusted network and the other is connected to the untrusted network. A router is placed between the bastion host and each network allowing the bastion host to filter messages between networks.

Question 33

Due Care

Answer 33

Showing reasonable care to protect the assets of an organization.

Question 34

Due Care

Answer 34

Showing that reasonable care is used to protect the assets of an organization.

Question 35

Due Diligence

Answer 35

The act of taking sufficient steps to ensure the standards of due care are perpetually being upheld.

Question 36

Dumpster Diving

Answer 36

Extracting useful information from discarded trash.