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Chemistry > C8 - Reactivity Trends > Flashcards

C8 - Reactivity Trends Flashcards

1
Q

What state are each of the halogens in at room temp (F, Cl, Br, I)

A

F - gas
Cl - gas
Br - liquid
I - solid

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2
Q

What does F look like at room temp

A

Very pale yellow gas

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3
Q

What does Cl look like at room temp

A

greenish gas

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4
Q

What does Br look like at room temp

A

red liquid

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5
Q

What does I look like at room temp

A

shiny grey solid

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6
Q

What is the trend in melting point for group 7 elements?

A

Melting point increases down the group
Bigger molecules, more electrons, stronger london forces
more energy required to overcome

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7
Q

The halogens higher in the group (F and Cl) are MORE POWERFUL ___ ___ than those lower in the group (Br and I)

A

oxidising agents

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8
Q

State and explain the role halogens play in redox reactions

A

Oxidising agents

They gain electrons (so are reduced - RIG) meaning they oxidise the other species

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9
Q

During a displacement reaction, chlorine becomes the free halogen. What colour is the solution in the test tube?

A

Very pale green (often colourless)

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10
Q

During a displacement reaction, bromine becomes the free halogen. What colour is the solution in the test tube?

A

Yellow

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11
Q

During a displacement reaction, iodine becomes the free halogen. What colour is the solution in the test tube?

A

Brown (sometimes black solid)

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12
Q

A displacement reaction occurs between a halide and a halogen, the colour of the solution is not immediately obvious, what could you do to change this?

A

Add an organic solvent and shake, a coloured precipitate will form in the solvent clearly indicating the free halogen

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13
Q

During a displacement reaction, chlorine becomes the free halogen. An organic solvent is added. What colour is the solution in the solvent?

A

colourless

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14
Q

During a displacement reaction, bromine becomes the free halogen. An organic solvent is added. What colour is the solution in the solvent?

A

Yellow

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15
Q

During a displacement reaction, iodine becomes the free halogen. An organic solvent is added. What colour is the solution in the solvent?

A

purple

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16
Q

Reaction of a group 2 element with oxygen makes…

A

Group 2 oxide (eg. CaO)

17
Q

Reaction of a group 2 element with water makes…

A

Group 2 hydroxide and hydrogen

18
Q

Reaction of a group 2 element with acid (HCl) makes…

A

Group 2 chloride and hydrogen

19
Q

What would the products be from a reaction between Calcium and oxygen be?

A

Calcium oxide

20
Q

What would the products be from a reaction between Calcium and water be?

A

calcium hydroxide and hydrogen

21
Q

What would the products be from a reaction between Calcium and hydrochloric acid be?

A

Calcium chloride and hydrogen

22
Q

What 3 reactions do you need to know for group 2 elements

A

Group 2 + oxygen
Group 2 + water
Group 2 + acid

23
Q

What is the trend in the solubility of group 2 elements

A

Solubility increase down the group

24
Q

State and explain the trend in pH of group 2 hydroxides

A

More alkaline (pH increases) down the group as the hydroxides are more soluble so more free OH- ions

25
Q

Group 2 oxides + water makes…

A

Group 2 hydroxides + hydrogen

26
Q

State 2 uses of group 2 compounds

A

agriculture- decrease acidity of soil

medicine - acid indigestion - neutralise some acidic fluids

27
Q

H2O + Cl2 —>

A

HCl + HOCl (reversible)

28
Q

2NaOH + Cl2 —>

A

NaCl + NaOCl + H2O

29
Q

Describe how you would Distinguish which he lied you had in a compound

A

Add AG plus ions (silver nitrate). Precipitate formed
AgCl = white (dissolves in dilute NH3)
AgBr = cream (dissolves in conc NH3)
AgI = yellow (does not dissolve in NH3)

30
Q

What is the test for carbonate ions

A

Add dilute nitric acid, CO2 will be evolved, effervescence.

31
Q

What is the test for sulphate oils

A

Add Ba2+, white precipitate will form, sulfates soluble in water except barium sulphate

32
Q

What is the test for ammonium irons

A

Add an NaOH, NH3 gas will be formed when warmed, damp litmus paper will turn blue

Chemistry (17 decks)

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