cultural valuation: evaluation Flashcards
why is having a large sample a positive
a strength of combining the results of attachment studies carried out in different countries is that you can end up with a very large sample
e.g. Van Ijzendoorn meta-analysis there was a total of nearly 200 babies and their primary attachment figure
Even studies like Simonella et al and Jin et al had large comparisons groups from previous research, although their own samples were smaller
Overall sample sizes is strength because large samples increases internal validity by reducing the impact of anomalous results caused by methodology or very unusual participants
samples tend to be unrepresentative of cultures - why was this a limitation
meta - analysis by Van Ijjzendoorn and Kroonenberg claimed study cultural variation
HOWEVER, the comparison were between countries not cultures
Within any country there are many different cultures each with different cultures child - rearing practices
e.g. sample might, for example, over - represents people living in poverty, the stress of which caregiving might affect and hence patterns of attachment
An analysis by Van Ijzendourn and Sagi (2001) found that distributions of attachment type in Tokyo ( an urban setting) were similar to the Western studies, whereas a more rural sample had an over - representation of insecure resistant individuals
This means that comparisons between countries e.g. Italy/ Korea may have little meaning; the particular cultural characteristics (and thus the caregiving styles) of the sample need to be specified
how is the method of assessment biased
Cross cultural psychology includes the ideas of etic and emic
The Strange Situation was designed by an American researcher
Therefore there is a question whether Anglo - American theories and assessments can be applied to other cultures
- Trying to apply a theory or technique designed to another culture is known as imposed etic
what is etic and emic
etic means cultural universals whilst emic means cultural uniqueness
