cervical and thoratic spine Flashcards
how many cerical vertebrae are there?
throatic?
is the cerical mobile?
thoratic?
7
12
yes
no- due to facet joint angle and attacthment to ribs
what are the typical cervical spine vertebrae?
what additions do they have to the lumbar vertebrae?
wheat runs in the transverse foramen?
what is differenct about the C7 transverse foramen?
C3-C6
bifid spinous process and transverse foramen
vetrebral artery and vein and sympathetic nerve plexus
smaller so only has acessory vertebral vein running through it
what is C1 aka?
whats its role?
what makes C1 atypical?
what attatches to anterior arch?
what attatches to posterior arch?
atlas
to support the weight of the head - widest cervial vertebrae
no verterbral body, no spinous process
anterior longatudinal ligament
ligamentum nuchae
side note = big vertebral foramen = less likely for spinal cord compression
what is C2 aka?
what important bony feature does it have?
what does this allow?
another feature of the axis?
what holds the odontoid process in place?
axis
odontoid process/dens
rotation of the head - pivot
widest spinous processs
transverse ligament on the anterior arch of the atlas
what happens when the transverse ligament in C1/atas is disrupted?
what makes C7 atypical?
in the cerical spine what angles are the facet joints?
atlantoaxial stability
if head meoves forward the C1 will shunt forward as well and could compess the spinal cord
longest spinous process, spinous process is not bifid, small transverse foramen
superior articulation = upwards and backwards
inferior = downwards and forwards
this allows good range of movement
in the cervial soine where do the nerve roots exit?
what is the additional nervre root?
whats differnt about C1 exit?
above theri vertebral body and very horizontally
C8 - has no ventral body - inferior to C8 the nerve routes exit below their vertebrae
doesnt exit via a intervertebral foramen
what is the ligamentum nuchae?
what is it attatched to?
what is its role?
thickening of supraspinous ligament
all cervical spinous processes
maintain secondary curvature of spine
helps cervical spine support the head
major sites of muscle attatchment e.g. trapezuiys and rhomboids
what moevemnts can the cervical spine do?
what joint does 50% of flexsion and extension?
what joint does 50% of rotation?
where does the other 50% come from?
what does this mean clincally with fusions?
head flexsion and extension
lateral flexsion
rotation
atlanto-occipital joint (head and C1)
atlanto-axial joint (C1 and C2)
rest of cervical spine
it means in surgey of fusinf a pair of vertebrae not much movenemt will be lost
what is unique to thoratic vertebrae?
how big is ther vertebral foramen?
where does each vertebrae articulate with the ribs?
what limits movement in the thoratic vertebrae?
heart shaped ventral body
demi facets on side of ventral body for articulation of the rib (demi from T2-T8 - the rst are whole facets)
small so compression of spinal cord is more likely
demi facets (head of body) and transverse costal facets (neck of transverse process)
attatchment to ribs and facet angle
