Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Differential Diagnosis > Fracture (Imaging) > Flashcards

Fracture (Imaging) Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 examples of abnormal stresses that can occur with/in fractures?

A
  1. stress
  2. pathologic
  3. periprosthetic
  4. bone graft
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bone Healing

  1. Callus: ___ bone heals via this process
  2. Creep Substitution: ___ bone heals via this process
  3. Osteoblastic activity: ___ bone heals via this process
A
  1. Cortical bone
  2. Cancellous bone
  3. Compressed bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which type of imaging is primarily used to evaluate MSK trauma?

A

Conventional Radiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Alignment of Fractures

  1. ___ = fragments are not displaced
  2. ___ = fragments are no longer in anatomic position (described by relative displacements, such as medial, lateral, distracted, etc.)
A
  1. Non-displaced
  2. Displaced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When considering bone healing and setting as part of medical management for pediatrics, the clinican must be able to appreciate where the bone is going to ___, the distance form the ___ (closer is better), and the potential for bone ___.

A
  1. remodel
  2. growth plate (closer is better)
  3. bone length discrepancies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A clinician may choose to use ___ to save time by screening for abdominal, chest, and spine injuries at once.

A

Computed Tomography (CT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 5 types of fractures in the Salter-Harris Classificaiton for epiphyseal fractures (pediatrics)?

A
  1. Type I = straight across
  2. Type II = above (most common - 75%)
  3. Type III = below
  4. Type 4 = through
  5. Type 5 = eraser of growth plate (crush injury)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of Fractures:

  1. ___ = all cortices broken (2 fragments)
  2. ___ = cortices partially broken
  3. ___ = >2 fragments
A
  1. Complete
  2. Incomplete
  3. Comminuted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

____ usually occur secondary to:

  • Failure to order image
  • Failure to recognize on image
  • subtle fractures
A

Commonly Missed Fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Commonly Missed Fractures

  • Spine
    • C_/C_
    • C_/C_
    • ___ fracture (osteoporotic)
  • LE
    • Femoral Neck
    • ___
    • ___
    • Talar Dome
  • UE
    • ____
    • ____
A
  • Spine
    • C1/C2
    • C8/C7
    • Compression fracture
  • LE
    • femoral neck
    • Patella
    • Calcaneous
    • Talar Dome
  • UE
    • scaphoid
    • Radial head
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Age, degree of local trauma, amount of bone loss, type of bone, how well immoblizied, infection, local malignancy, radiation necrosis, hormones, avascular necrosis, and local stress are all factors that can influence ___.

A

Rate of healing for bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 healing phases of bone?

A
  1. Inflammatory (acute)
  2. Reparative (sub-acute)
  3. remodeling (chronic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In general, CT is primarily used to evualte __.

A

Complex anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Closed fractures are often associated with which type of fracture?

A

Simple Fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In regards to fracture description, what category does the following fall under:

  • impaction
  • depression
  • compression
  • avulsion
A

Special features of fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In regards to pedaitric fracture description, what are 3 possible locations for the fracture to be located?

A
  1. Epiphysis (growth plate)
  2. Metaphysis
  3. Diaphysis
17
Q

True or False: fractures do not have patterns that can be predicted.

A

False.

Fractures have patterns that can be predicted by the condition of the bone (behavior of the bone qualities) and the mode of injury.

18
Q

In general, MRI is primarily used to evaulate ___.

A

Soft tissue Injuries

19
Q

Surgical Intervention Types: might be needed if bone healing doesn’t occur properly

  1. ___ = externally reduced
  2. ___ = internally reduced
  3. ___ = artificial means to stabilize fractures (e.g. screws, cage, or plates) => internally (Ilizarov technique) or externally
A
  1. Closed Reduction
  2. Open Reduction
  3. Fixation
20
Q

___ = protocol series of radiographs that screen injuries post-trauma.

Includes:

  • Lateral C-spine
  • AP chest
  • AP pelvis
A

Trauma Survey

21
Q
  • Growth plates
  • growth lines
  • secondary centers of ossification
  • nutrient foramina
  • cartilage

Are all examples of imaging concerns for which age-group of patients?

A

Pediatrics

22
Q

Open fractures are often associated with which type of fracture?

A

Compound

23
Q

Directions of Fracture Lines

  • Referenced according to the long axis of the bone = what 4 types?
A
  • transverse
  • Spiral
  • longitudinal
  • oblique
24
Q

What are the 3 types of incomplete fractures seen in children?

A
  1. greenstick
  2. plastic bowing (low load, prolonged stress)
  3. torus fracture = buckel (load is really high so bone folds in on itself)

Differential Diagnosis (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions