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Wine Diploma > Friuli - Venezia Giulia > Flashcards

Friuli - Venezia Giulia Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of production in Friuli is white?

A

75%

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2
Q

Where is the Friuli region in Italy

A

North east

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3
Q

Describe the climate and growing conditions in the south of Friuli on the flat plains

A

Warm maritime climate
Close to the Adriatic
Warm air from the Adriatic meets cool air from the Alps

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4
Q

What is the average annual rainfall for Friuli?

A

1,200mm - high rainfall

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5
Q

What affect does rainfall have on the Friuli region?

A

High rainfall leads to high humidity
Disease pressure is high
Organic viticulture can be a challenge

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6
Q

Describe the types of soils found on the flat plains in the south of Friuli.

How does this affect the types of wines made from these areas?

A

Fertile alluvial soils with rocky deposits

Everyday easy drinking wines
From high yielding vines

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7
Q

What grape varieties are commonly found growing on the plains in the south of the Friuli region?

A

Merlot and Pinot Grigio

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8
Q

Name the two most important DOCs found in the plains of southern Friuli

A

Grave del Friuli DOC (mostly volume wines)

Friuli Isonzo DOC (best quality from sites on the right bank of the river Isonzo neighbouring Collio)

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9
Q

Name the two important hillside DOCs in Friuli, producing quality fruit.

A

Collio DOC

Collio Orientali del Friuli DOC

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10
Q

What types of soils can be found in Collio DOC and Collio Orientali del Friuli DOC?

A

Calcareous marl
Sandstone
Compacted marl is known as Ponca and has excellent drainage

Soils are more free draining in the hills than on the plain

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11
Q

What is the altitude in Collio DOC and Collio Orientali del Friuli DOC?

A

200m

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12
Q

In Collio DOC and Collio Orientali del Friuli DOC, what factors contribute to lower yields and higher quality?

A

A range of slopes

Exposure to wind - cooling effect

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13
Q

What is the main grape variety grown in Friuli, and what percentage of vineyard area is planted to it?

A

Pinot Grigio - 25%

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14
Q

Name the four local white varieties commonly grown in Friuli

A

Ribolla Gialla
Malvasia di Istria
Verduzzo
Picolit

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15
Q

Name the four local black varieties commonly grown in Friuli

A

Refosco
Schiopettino
Pignolo
Tazzalenghe

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16
Q

Which five black and white varieties, commonly found in Austria and Middle Europe, are also planted in Friuli?

A 
Riesling
Welschriesling (Riesling Italico)
Gewurztraminer
Muller Thurgau
Blaufrankisch
17
Q

Which nine French varieties are commonly planted in Friuli? (5 red, 4 white)

A 
Merlot
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pinot Noir
Carmenere

Friulano (Sauvignonasse)
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Blanc

18
Q

Give a typical tasting note for a Friulano wine

A 
Medium (-) intensity
Floral and apple flavours
Medium (+) acidity
Medium to high alcohol
Good to very good
Mid priced to premium

Best wines can age
Can be made in a fresh or lightly oaked style

19
Q

Give the key characteristics of the Ribolla Gialla vine

A 
White grape
Vigorous
Prone to shot berries
Only grown in Collio and Collio Orientali as it needs hillsides to prevent vigorous growth
Many range of styles produced
20
Q

Give a typical tasting note for a Ribolla Gialla wine

A

Citrus and pepper notes

High acidity

21
Q

Give the key characteristics of the Refosco vine

A 
Small berries
Late ripening
Botrytis resistant
Vigorous
Best grown on low fertility soils
22
Q

Give a typical tasting note for a Refosco wine

A

Red cherry and herbal aromas
High tannins

Can benefit from time in oak

23
Q

What is the name of the sub region in Collio that is well regarded for making orange wines?

A

Oslavia

24
Q

Describe the typical process for making an orange wine

A 
Long maceration on skins (8 days to 8 months)
Long ageing (2 to 6 years in large format barrels)
25
Q

Give a tasting note for a premium orange wine from Friuli

A

Amber / orange / gold in colour
Citrus rind, marzipan and honey
Muted varietal character
Medium tannin

26
Q

Name three winemakers who are pioneers of the orange wine movement in Friuli

A

Josko Gravner
Dario Princi
Stanko Radikon

27
Q

Producers making orange wines usually share a commitment to which principles?

A 
Organic methods
Long macerations on skins
No fermentation temperature control
Long maturation in large format oak
Minimum / no fining and/or filtration
Low or no added SO2
28
Q

What is the maximum yield for Collio DOC?

A

77hl/ha

29
Q

What are the principle four white varieties found in Collio DOC and Collio Orientali del Friuli DOC?

A

Friulano
Ribolla Gialla
Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay

30
Q

Are wines from Collio DOC and Collio Orientali del Friuli DOC more likely to be single varietal or blends?

A

Single varietals

The varietal can be appended to the name e.g. Collio Orientali del Friuli Sauvignon Blanc DOC

31
Q

Name the two Friuli DOCGs for sweet wines

A

Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG

Ramandolo DOCG

Both use air dried grapes

32
Q

What is the maximum yield for Friuli DOC?

A

98hl/ha

33
Q

What are the two main growers associations for high quality wines in Friuli?

A

Consorzio Tutela Vini Collio

Consorzio Vini Friuli Colli Orientali e Ramandolo

Wine Diploma (62 decks)

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