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Science 6th > Earth > Flashcards

Earth Flashcards

1
Q

What are earths layers?

A

Crust,Mantle,Inner and outer core

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2
Q

What are the two types of crust found on earth

A

ocean and continental crust

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3
Q

What is crust composed of?

A

outer surface of rock. Granite Basalt

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4
Q

How thick is earths crust?

A

3-5 miles, Very thin

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5
Q

What are plates

A

slide over hot and bendable layer of the mantle

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6
Q

What is the lithosphere?

A

crust and upper layer of mantle together make a ridged, ,brittle rock

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7
Q

What is a mantle?

A

Largest layer of rock

Hot dense rock that flows

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8
Q

Whats the function of the middle mantle?

A

The mantle convects heat from the outer core up to the crust

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9
Q

Whats the composition of the mantle?

A

Rocky layer under crust

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10
Q

What are convection currents?

A

caused by the very hot material at the deepest part of the mantle rising, then cooling and sinking again

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11
Q

What is outer core and what is it composed of?

A

Hot ball of metal
metals in liquid state
composed of melted nickle and iron

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12
Q

What is the inner core and what is it composed of?

A

Temps and pressures so great that metals are squeezed together

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13
Q

Why can inner core act as a solid?

A

Metals don’t melt because of high pressure

Forced to viberate like a solid

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14
Q

Who proposed the Pangea theory?

A

Alfred Wegner

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15
Q

What are the 4 pieces of evidence that supports the Continental Drift Theory

A
  1. Continents fit together like a puzzle
  2. Fossils match across oceans
  3. Rock types and mountain ranges match
  4. Glacial deposits
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16
Q

What is sea floor spreading?

A

Ocean moves carrying continents
New ocean floor forms along cracks in the ocean
New floor added

17
Q

What are magnetic stripes?

A

Rocks that make up ocean floor lie in a pattern which hold record of magnetic field

18
Q

3 peices of evidence that support seafloor spreading

A

Molten material- pillow shaped rocks
shows molten has erupted again and again

Magnetic stripes

Drilling samples

19
Q

What is the plate tectonic theory?

A

Along the mid-ocean ridge the seafloor is pulling apart and the two parts are moving in opposite directions, carrying along the continents and oceans that rest on top of them.

20
Q

what are 3 types of plate bounderys?

A

Divergent (pulling away)
Convergent (Crashing head on)
Transform (sliding past eachother)

21
Q

Features of divergent boundaries?

A

causes rift valleys and mid ocean ridges

Rifting causes sea floor spreading

22
Q

What is subduction zone?

A

region where tectonic plates meet

23
Q

what happens when Covergent plate boundaries collide:

A

Ocean to continent: more dense slides under less dense
Ocean to Ocean: older, more dense slides under less dense
Continent to continent: They push together and create mountains

24
Q

What is a transform boundary?

A

Fault along plate boundary

25
Q

What is a volcano?

A

object that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface

26
Q

What are different types of volcanos?

A

Cinder cones, Composite volcanos, sheild volcanos

27
Q

What scale is a volcano measured in?

A

Volcanic Explosivity Index

28
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

Shake on surface that comes from seismic waves

29
Q

What scale is an earthquake measured in?

A

Richtor scale

30
Q

What is a tsunami?

A

tsunami is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.

31
Q

What are 5 major plates?

A

Eurasian
North and south american
African
Carabian

Science 6th (4 decks)

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