Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Modalities > Exam 2: Ultrasound > Flashcards

Exam 2: Ultrasound Flashcards

1
Q

What type of physical agent is ultrasound

A

mechanical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the head of the ultrasound instrument called

A

the transducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sound is a compression _____ wave. Ultrasound is sound with frequency of greater than ______ Hz.

A

rarefaction; 20,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sound waves enter the body and are attenuated by what three things?

A

absorption, reflection, refraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does attenuated mean

A

The sound waves lessen the deeper/further it goes into the tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The sound waves of an ultrasound are created by crystals with ______ properties

A

piezoelectric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does the crystal in the transducer produce sound waves

A

The crystal expands and contracts at a certain frequency to produce compression and rarefaction due to the electric energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the parameters of ultrasound

A

intensity, frequency, duty cycle, effective radiation area, and beam nonuniformity ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the units for intensity of ultrasound

A

W/cm^2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the units for frequency of ultrasound

A

MHz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the units for duty cycle of ultrasound

A

%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the units for effective radiating area of ultrasound

A

cm^2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the units for beam nonuniformity ratio of ultrasound

A

ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which parameter of ultrasound can be thought of as the force or how strong the soundwaves go into the tissue

A

intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which frequency will reach deeper tissue? 1 MHz or 3MHz?

A

1MHz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which parameter of ultrasound can be thought of as the relationship of how long the waves are on compared to how long they are off

A

duty cycle

17
Q

Is a 20% duty cycle thermal or nonthermal?

A

nonthermal

18
Q

Which parameter of ultrasound can be thought of as the amount of area that the crystal takes up

A

effective radiating area (ERA)

19
Q

Which duty cycle will give of a thermal effect?

A

100% continuous duty cycle

20
Q

What is the typical ratio of beam nonuniformity for ERAs

A

6:1

21
Q

An intensity of __ or less is considered a low intensity

A

1

22
Q

An intensity of __ or more is considered a high intensity

A

2

23
Q

True or False:

The speed of ultrasound transducer movement does not alter temperature affects

A

true

24
Q

True or False:

Higher temperatures are achieved in tissues by higher frequencies

A

True: but recognize that it won’t penetrate deeper into the skin, the temp is just hotter

25
Q

What are the benefits of non-thermal pulsed ultrasound

A

cavitation, micro/acoustic streaming, increased intracellular calcium, and promotes cell function and tissue healing

26
Q

True or False:

cavitation can lead to unstable cavitation which can be damaging to tissues

A

true

27
Q

what are the clinical indications for ultrasound

A

phonophoresis, pain control, tendon and ligament injuries, carpal tunnel, surgical incisions, dermal ulcers, short tissue shortening

28
Q

What are some adverse effects that can occur with ultrasound

A

Burns, cross contamination/infection via staff infection

29
Q

What are the contraindications of ultrasound

A

malignancy, pregnancy, pace maker, thrombus, reproductive organs, inflammation, fractures, implants, plates, plastic, joint cement

30
Q

What is the rule of thumb for knowing how big of an area that can be treated

A

2-3x the size of the transducer

31
Q

How long is the duration of ultrasound

A

5-10 minutes

Modalities (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions