Pathology - The Pathology Of Trauma Flashcards
1
Q
What are the general effects of trauma?
A
- bleeding
- infection and sepsis
- specific organ/system effects
- multi-organ failure
2
Q
Give some complications of head injury
A
- raised intracranial pressure
- generalised eg reduced Glasgow coma score
- infection
- temporary/permanent neurological defects
3
Q
Give some possible effects of abdominal injury
A
- liver laceration
- spleen laceration
- intestinal perforation
- pancreatic injury
4
Q
Give some risks of damage to long bones
A
- bleeding
- vascular damage
- nerve damage
- fat embolism
5
Q
Give some effects of crush injury
A
- tissue loss
- fractures
- vascular injury
- compartment syndromes
- rhabdomyolysis
6
Q
What are the systemic effects of burns?
A
- release of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators
- increased vascular permeability which leads to loss of fluid and protein
- decreased myocardial contractility (causes hypotension and end organ hypoperfusion)
- respiratory changes
- metabolic changes (rate can increase dramatically)
- down-regulation of immune response
7
Q
What is SIRS?
A
“Systemic inflammatory response syndrome” - the body’s response to infection, inflammation and stress
8
Q
How does multi-organ dysfunction syndrome present?
A
- acute kidney injury
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- cardiac dysfunction
- encephalopathy
- gastrointestinal disturbance
- liver dysfunction
- coagulopathy
- bone marrow suppression
