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Digital Graphic Design > GDS Chapter 2 > Flashcards

GDS Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the formal elements of design?

A

Line, shape, and figure/ground relationship.

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2
Q

What is a point?

A

A single pixel of light.

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3
Q

What is a line?

A

An elongated point or the path of a moving point.

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4
Q

What is a linear style?

A

When line is the predominant element used to unify a composition or describe shapes or forms in a design.

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5
Q

What is a shape?

A

The general outline of something; a closed, configured area on a two-dimensional surface.

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6
Q

What three basic shapes are all other shapes derived from?

A

Circle, square, and triangle.

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7
Q

What is a nonrepresentational shape?

A

An invented shape not literally representing a person, place, or thing.

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8
Q

What is an abstract shape?

A

A rearrangement, alteration, or distortion of the representation of natural appearance used for stylistic distinction or communication purposes.

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9
Q

What is a representational shape?

A

A shape recognizable in nature. A figurative shape.

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10
Q

Explain figure/ground.

A

Positive/negative space; the relationship of shapes to background on a two-dimensional surface.

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11
Q

Why is the figure/ground relationship important?

A

A designer must always consider the ground as an integral part of the composition, otherwise the ground will be reduced to deadspace.

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12
Q

What is equivocal space?

A

An equal and interchangeable distribution of figure and ground; ambiguous figure/ground.

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13
Q

What are typographic shapes?

A

Letterforms, numerals, and punctuation that symbolize the sounds of language.

These are the figure while the counters, or the open spaces, are the ground.

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14
Q

What is texture?

A

The tactile quality of a surface or the simulation or representation of such a surface quality.

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15
Q

What is a tactile texture?

A

Texture that has actual tactile quality, such as embossing, debossing, stamping, engraving, and letterpress.

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16
Q

What are visual textures?

A

Illusions of real textures.

17
Q

What is pattern?

A

A systematic repetition of a unit or element with obvious directional movement within a given area.

18
Q

What is balance?

A

The equilibrium created by an even distribution of weight among all the elements of a composition, used to stabilize a composition.

19
Q

Explain emphasis.

A

Emphasis is created through visual hierarchy and used to direct communication. It relies on the principle of unity.

20
Q

What is rhythm?

A

A visual pulse that flows from one graphic to another.

21
Q

What is HAUS?

A

Hierarchy, alignment, unity, and space.

22
Q

Explain hierarchy.

A

Hierarchy uses placement and alignment of graphic elements as well as the space in-between to facilitate the visual hierarchy and direct how people’s eyes will scan the composition.

Employ contrast.

23
Q

What are the ABC’s of visual heirarchy?

A

A. Where do you want the viewer to look first?
B. Where do you want the viewer to look second?
C. Where do you want the viewer to look third?

24
Q

Explain alignment.

A

Alignment is how edges line up or elements orient, how you arrange graphic elements into configurations to build structural visual connections.

25
Q

Explain unity.

A

The use of primarily repetition and configuration to create clear visual relationships.

Throw in some variety to keep the audience interested.

26
Q

Explain space.

A

The illusion of three-dimensional space.

27
Q

What does unity rely on?

A

Gestalt (“form”), which places an emphasis on the perception of a form as an organized whole.

28
Q

What is pragnanz?

A

Pragnanz explains how we seek to order our experiences as a whole in a regular, simple, and coherent manner.

29
Q

What are the laws of perceptual organization?

A

Similarity, proximity, continuity, closure, common fate, and continuing line.

30
Q

Explain similarity.

A

Like elements are perceived as belonging together.

31
Q

Explain proximity.

A

Elements that are near each other are perceived as belonging together.

32
Q

Explain continuity.

A

Perceived visual paths or connections among parts.

33
Q

Explain closure.

A

The mind’s tendency to connect individual elements to produce a completed form, unit, or pattern.

34
Q

Explain common fate.

A

Elements are likely to be perceived as a unit if they move in the same direction.

35
Q

Explain continuing line.

A

Lines are always perceived as following the simplest path; if two lines break, the viewer sees the overall movement rather than the break.

Digital Graphic Design (17 decks)

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