part 3

Question 1

• increased thirst and slightly dry buccal mucous membranes.
• ORS for re-hydration 50mL/kg within 4 hours
• ORS for loose stool losses: 10mL/kg or 150-250 for older children per loose stool

Answer 1

mild dehydration

Question 2

• loss of skin turgor
• dry buccal mucous membranes
• sunken eyes and fontanel
• ORS rehydration: 100mL/kg within 4 hrs
• -ORS for loose stool losses: 10mL/kg or 150-250 for older children per loose stool

Answer 2

moderate dehydration

Question 3

• signs of moderate dehydration plus one of the following: rapid thready pulse, cyanosis, rapid breathing, lethargy, coma
• IV fluids LR 40mL/kg until pulse and state of consciousness return then 50-100mL/kg or ORS
• -ORS for loose stool losses: 10mL/kg or 150-250 for older children per loose stool

Answer 3

severe dehydration

Question 4

What should we assess for in a pt with diarrhea?

Answer 4

• amount, color, consistency
• skin integrity
• I&O
• daily weight
• bowel sounds
• hydration and electrolytes

Question 5

What diagnostic data evaluates diarrhea?

Answer 5

• stool: culture, pH, RBC, leukocytes, glucose, blood
• breath hydrogen test
• blood test
• radiography

Question 6

Is the BRAT diet recommended for children?

Answer 6

no - it is low in protein, energy, and nutritional value

-high in carbs and electrolytes

Question 7

What is the most common type of dehydration in children?

Answer 7

isonatremic

Question 8

• reduced intake or excess loss
• rapid reduction in extracellular fluid
• cellular dysfunction
• hypovolemic shock
• death

Answer 8

dehydration pathophysiology

Question 9

Why are children at an increased risk for dehydration?

Answer 9

• Increased: extracellular fluid, body surface area, metabolism, peristalsis, risk for infection
• immature kidneys, poor compensation acidosis, immature immune system

Question 10

What are the causes of dehydration?

Answer 10

• GI tract:V/D, obstruction, malabsorption, NG suction,
• DKA
• tachypnea
• CHF
• burns
• kidney failure
• hemorrhage

Question 11

What are the 3 stages of dehydration?

Answer 11

• mild: 5% body weight lost
• moderate: 6-10% lost
• severe: 10% or more

Question 12

• increased thirst
• slightly dry buccal mucous membranes.
• decreased urine output
• watery diarrhea

Answer 12

mild dehydration

Question 13

• loss of skin turgor
• dry buccal mucous membranes
• sunken eyes and fontanel

Answer 13

moderate dehydration

Question 14

-signs of moderate dehydration plus one of the following: rapid thready pulse, cyanosis, rapid breathing, lethargy, coma

Answer 14

severe dehydration