3 Vocabulary Flashcards
Bioenergetics
the flow of energy in a biological system, concerns primarily the conversion of macronu- trients—carbohydrate, protein, and fats, which contain chemical energy—into biologically usable forms of energy.
breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules, associated with the release of energy
Catabolism
synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules can be accomplished using the energy released from catabolic reactions; this building-up process
Anabolism
Exergonic reactions are
energy-releasing reactions and are generally catabolic
Endergonic reactions
require energy and include anabolic processes and the contraction of muscle.
Metabolism is the
total of all the catabolic or exergonic and anabolic or endergonic reactions in a biological system
Energy derived from catabolic or exergonic reactions is used to drive
anabolic or endergonic reactions through an intermediate molecule, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The breakdown of one molecule of ATP to yield energy is known as __________, because it requires one molecule of water.
Hydrolysis
What enzyme catalyzes ATP hydrolysis for cross-bridge recycling?
Myosin ATPaae
hydrolysis of ATP is catalyzed by the presence of an enzyme called
adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)
Anaerobic processes
do not require the presence of oxygen
aerobic mechanisms
depend on oxygen.
