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Earth Science Regents > "99 ways to pass regents" > Flashcards

"99 ways to pass regents" Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

When a substance is cut in half, their density does what?

A

It ALWAYS stays the same

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2
Q

As pressure increases, density _______?

A

INCREASES

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3
Q

As temperature increases, density _______?

A

DECREASES

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4
Q

Water expands when it ________?

A

FREEZES

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5
Q

Most changes in the environment are _______

A

CYCLIC

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6
Q

What is the true shape of the Earth

A

OBLATE SPHEROID

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7
Q

The best model of the Earth’s shape is a ______

A

SPHERE

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8
Q

The altitude of Polaris equals your ______ in the Northern Hemisphere

A

LATITUDE

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9
Q

To determine the Earth’s circumference, Erastothenes used the ____ of the sun from two different locations

A

ALTITUDE

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10
Q

Latitude is measured in degrees North and South of the Equator and they run _________

A

HORIZONTALLY

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11
Q

Longitude is measured in degrees East and West of the prime meridian and they run _______

A

VERTICALLY

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12
Q

Longitude is based on observations of the Sun which determines what?

A

YOUR TIME

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13
Q

Every place to the right (on a globe) will be further _______ in their time (ahead or behind)

A

AHEAD

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14
Q

The closer isolines are, the gradient or slope will be ______ (lower or greater)

A

GREATER

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15
Q

Isobars stand for ______

A

PRESSURE

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16
Q

Isotherms stand for _______

A

TEMPERATURE

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17
Q

Contour lines stand for

A

ELEVATION

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18
Q

Lunar eclipse is the eclipse of the _____ (moon or sun)

A

MOON

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19
Q

Solar eclipse is the eclipse of the ______ (moon or sun)

A

SUN

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20
Q

When the Sun, Earth, and Moon line up, _____ tides are produced (spring, summer, fall)

A

SPRING

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21
Q

The earth is tilted on its axis at _____ degrees

A

23.5

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22
Q

Earth’s tilted axis, Earth’s revolving around Sun, Earth’s axis always points in same direction is evidence for why we have ______

A

SEASONS

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23
Q

Summer solstice = _________

A

JUNE 21

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24
Q

On the summer solstice, the sun’s rays are most direct at the Tropic of ________

A

CANCER

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25
Winter solstice = ____________
DECEMBER 21
26
On the winter solstice, the sun's rays are most direct at the Tropic of ___________
CAPRICORN
27
March 21 is the ____ equinox
VERNAL
28
September 22/23 is the ________ equinox
AUTUMNAL
29
When does every location on Earth receive 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness?
EQUINOXES
30
Day length at the equator is close to _____ hours
12
31
The lower the angle of the sun the ______ the shadow is
LONGER
32
The Earth's eccentricity is called a ________
SLIGHT ELLIPSE
33
This measures how elliptical an orbit is: ______
ECCENTRICITY
34
The earth is closest to the sun during which season?
WINTER
35
The earth is farthest away from the sun during which season?
SUMMER
36
What is it called when the earth is closest to the sun (perihelion or aphelion)
PERIHELION
37
What is it called when the earth is farthest from the sun (perihelion or aphelion)
APHELION
38
The closer a planet is to the sun their gravitational force and orbital speed are _______ (lesser or greater)
GREATER
39
What is the word for an earth-centered universe
GEOCENTRIC
40
What is the word for a sun-centered universe (what we use today)
HELIOCENTRIC
41
Dark and rough surfaces _______ sunlight (absorb or reflect)
ABSORB
42
Light and smooth surfaces __________ sunlight (absorb or reflect)
REFLECT
43
Energy transfer through molecule-to-molecule collisions/ DIRECT CONTACT
CONDUCTION
44
Energy transfer in fluids (air and water) due to DENSITY differences
CONVECTION
45
Energy transfer through SPACE - doesn't require a medium
RADIATION
46
Does heat energy move from high to low or low to high temperatures?
HIGH TO LOW
47
Energy of motion - This increases as velocity increases
KINETIC ENERGY
48
Energy due to position or state - increases with height
POTENTIAL ENERGY
49
There is no temperature change during a ______ change
PHASE
50
The sun heats the Earth which then reradiates _______ radiation to the air
INFRARED
51
As wavelength increases, frequency ______
DECREASES
52
These gases: carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, absorb infrared radiation and are called ________ gases
GREENHOUSE
53
A good absorber of insulation is also a good ______
RADIATOR
54
Warm air ________ (rises or falls)
RISES
55
A high pressure area is ____(and)_______
COOL AND DRY
56
A low pressure area is _____(and)_______
WARM AND WET
57
In high pressure areas, wind blows outwards and ________ (clockwise or counterclockwise)
CLOCKWISE
58
In low pressure areas, wind blows inwards and ________ (clockwise or counterclockwise)
COUNTER-CLOCKWISE
59
High pressure areas are regions of ________ (divergence or convergence)
DIVERGENCE
60
Low pressure areas are regions of _________ (divergence or convergence)
CONVERGENCE
61
An anemometer measures _______
WIND SPEED
62
A barometer measures _______
AIR PRESSURE
63
A wind vane measures _______
DIRECTION
64
If air pressure is below 500, add a _____ to the front
10
65
If air pressure is above 500, add a _____ to the front
9
66
This front has high pressure and heavy rain/storms
COLD FRONT
67
This front has low pressure and light but steady rain
WARM FRONT
68
Cold fronts move _______ than warm fronts (faster or slower)
FASTER
69
What is the name for the amount (%) of empty space available for water
POROSITY
70
________ is the ability to transmit water
PERMEABILITY
71
As particle size increases, permeability _______
INCREASES
72
What is the name for the movement of water against gravity?
CAPILLARITY
73
_________ is the force behind all erosion
GRAVITY
74
__________ is the most powerful form of erosion today
RUNNING WATER (STREAM)
75
Stream velocity is ______ on the outside of a stream than the inside
GREATER
76
Heavy, dense, and rounded particles settle (first or last)
FIRST
77
Sedimentary rocks form in _______ layers (flat or rigged)
FLAT
78
True or false: stream deposits are sorted rounded and smooth
TRUE
79
Valleys eroded by riVers are what shape?
V-SHAPED
80
_______ deposits are unsorted and scratched
GLACIAL
81
Valleys eroded by glaciers are what shape?
U-SHAPED
82
Fast cooling igneous rocks causes them to be ______ (extrusive or intrusive)
EXTRUSIVE
83
Slow cooling igneous rocks causes them to be ______ (extrusive or intrusive)
INTRUSIVE
84
Mineral properties depend on the internal arrangement of ______
ATOMS
85
P-waves travel _______ than S-waves and arrive ______
travel FASTER and arrive FIRST
86
_____ waves travel only through solids and can't travel through Earth's outer core
S-WAVES
87
What states that oldest rocks are on the bottom?
LAW OF SUPERPOSITION
88
Intrusions or faults are ______ than the rock they are in/touch
YOUNGER
89
What is the name for a buried, erosional surface
UNCONFORMITY
90
Carbon-14 is used to date more recent or older things?
MORE RECENT
91
_____ currents in the mantle are believed to move continental plains
CONVECTION
92
Volcanoes and earthquakes most commonly occur at _________
PLATE BOUNDARIES
93
Smaller stars live _____
LONGER
94
As stars move up the ______________ they become older, bigger, brighter and hotter
MAIN SEQUENCE
95
_____ is the only star that appears to remain stationary in the sky
POLARIS
96
An ______ fossil is one that lived for a short period of time but was widely distributed throughout the earth
INDEX
97
The _______ is estimated to be around 13-15 billion years old
UNIVERSE
98
We can learn about the history of the universe by studying ____________________ radiation
COSMIC BACKGROUND
99
It is believed the dinosaurs went extinct because of a _________/______________ impact with the earth
METEORITE/ASTEROID
100
Rocks are made of _______ while minerals are made of ___________
rocks are made of MINERALS, minerals are made of ELEMENTS

Earth Science Regents (1 decks)

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