Cell organelles T3

Question 1

Describe three structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
(3)

Answer 1

• Presence of membrane bound organelles in eukaryotic, such as mitochondria.
• Presence of plasmids in prokaryotic.
• Larger ribosomes in eukaryotic.
• Eukaryotic DNA in nucleus.
• DNA/Chromosome in eukaryotic linear, circular in prokaryotic.
• Cell walls always present in prokaryotic, not always in eukaryotic.

Question 2

What is meant by molecular phylogeny.

3

Answer 2

• Molecular dif./sim.
• In DNA and RNA.
• In proteins.
• Evolutionary relationship between organisms.

Question 3

How do you calculate magnification?

Answer 3

image size/ actual size x magnification

Question 4

Describe the roles of the Golgi apparatus and vesicles in the formation and transport of extracellular enzymes.
(4)

Answer 4

• Vesicles fuse with/proteins enter Golgi apparatus.
• Modification of proteins inside Golgi apparatus.
• Protein/enzyme packaged into secretory vesicles.
• Vesicles fuse with cell surface membrane.