Signal Transduction: From Receptor to Second Messenger

Question 1

Stimulation of which receptors increases phospholipase C? (Select 2.)

Answer 1

Study on!

Question 2

In the last 2 questions, we examined the big picture and types of receptors. Now let’s connect each receptor to its effector and second messenger.

Answer 2

Let’s do it!!!

Question 3

The alpha 1 receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 3

Gq

Question 4

The alpha 2 receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 4

Gi

Question 5

The beta 1 and beta 2 receptors are associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 5

Gs

Question 6

The Nicotinic receptors in the ANS ganglia, NMJ & CNS are associated with —— for signal transduction

Answer 6

Ions channels

Question 7

The Muscarinic 1/3/5 receptors are associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 7

Gq

Question 8

The Muscarinic 2/4 receptors are associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 8

Gi

Question 9

The Dopamine 1 (postsynaptic) receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 9

Gs

Question 10

The Dopamine 2 (presynaptic) receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 10

Gi

Question 11

The Vasopressin 1 (vasculature) receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 11

Gq

Question 12

The Vasopressin 2 (renal tubules) receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 12

Gs

Question 13

The Histamine 1 receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 13

Gq

Question 14

The Histamine 2 receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 14

Gs

Question 15

Activation of the Alpha 1 receptor (Gq) will turn on —–.

Answer 15

Phospholipase C

Question 16

Activation of the Alpha 2 receptor (Gi) will turn off —–.

Answer 16

Adenylate cyclase

Question 17

Activation of the beta 1 and beta 2 receptors (Gs) will turn on —–.

Answer 17

Adenylate cyclase

Question 18

Activation of the Muscarinic 1/3/5 receptors (Gq) will turn ON —–.

Answer 18

Phospholipase C

Question 19

Activation of the Muscarinic 2/4 receptors (Gi) will turn OFF —–.

Answer 19

Adenylate cyclase

Question 20

Activation of the Dopamine 1 (postsynaptic) receptor (Gs) will turn ON —–.

Answer 20

Adenylate cyclase

Question 21

Activation of the Dopamine 2 (presynaptic) receptor (Gi) will turn OFF —–.

Answer 21

Adenylate cyclase

Question 22

Activation of the Vasopressin 1 (vasculature) receptor (Gq) will turn ON —–.

Answer 22

Phospholipase C

Question 23

Activation of the Vasopressin 2 (renal tubules) receptor (Gs) will turn ON —–.

Answer 23

Adenylate cyclase

Question 24

Activation of the Histamine 1 receptor (Gq) will turn ON —–.

Answer 24

Phospholipase C

Question 25

Activation of the Histamine 2 receptor (Gq) will turn ON —–.

Answer 25

Adenylate cyclase

Question 26

In general, activation of a receptor coupled to a Gq protein will turn ON —–.

Answer 26

Phospholipase C

Question 27

In general, activation of a receptor coupled to a Gs protein will turn ON —–.

Answer 27

Adenylate cyclase

Question 28

In general, activation of a receptor coupled to a Gi protein will turn OFF —–.

Answer 28

Adenylate cyclase

Question 29

—–, —–, and —– are the 3 second messengers that are activated when Phospholipase C is turned ON

Answer 29

IP3, DAG, Ca+2

Question 30

—– is the second messenger that is activated when Adenylate cyclase is turned ON

Answer 30

cAMP

Question 31

—– is the second messenger that is deactivated when Adenylate cyclase is turned OFF

Answer 31

cAMP

Question 32

IP3 =

Answer 32

Inositol trisphosphate

Question 33

DAG =

Answer 33

Diacylglycerol

Question 34

cAMP =

Answer 34

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Question 35

Remember that the cellular response is —– specific

Answer 35

Tissue-specific

Question 36

Which receptors are coupled to a Gq protein?

Answer 36

alpha 1

M1, 3, 5

V1

H1

Question 37

Which receptors are coupled to a Gi protein?

Answer 37

alpha 2

M2, 4

D2

Question 38

Which receptors are coupled to a Gs protein?

Answer 38

beta 1, 2

D1

V2

H2

Question 39

Stimulation of which receptors increases phospholipase C? (Select 2.)

Answer 39

Alpha-1

Vasopressin-1

Question 40

References:

Answer 40

• Flood. Stoelting* ‘**s Pharmacology & Physiology in Anesthetic Practice. 5th ed. 2015. p. 85.
• Hemmings. Pharmacology and Physiology for Anesthesia: Foundations and Clinical Application. 1st ed. 2013. p. 212-213, 219* & 393