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Quick Facts > page 21-30 > Flashcards

page 21-30 Flashcards

1
Q

Compazine (Prochlorperazine)

Compazine belongs to which class of antipsychotics?

A

Phenothiazines

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2
Q

Compazine (Prochlorperazine)

This drug in smaller doses can be used as an antiemetic, which means it suppresses ____ and _____.

A

Nausea, vomiting

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3
Q

Compazine (Prochlorperazine)

It will make you ______, so avoid driving & operating heavy machinery.

A

Drowsy

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4
Q

Compazine (Prochlorperazine)

The routes of administration are IV, IM, PO. Which route lasts longest?

A

IM (deconate form)

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5
Q

Compazine (Prochlorperazine)

As with all anti-pyschotic drugs, clients must be monitored for ____ reactions.

A

Extra-pyramidal

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6
Q

Compazine (Prochlorperazine)

What class of medications can be given to decrease extra-pyramidal reactions?

A

Anti-Parkinson’s example:

Benztropine

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7
Q

Compazine (Prochlorperazine)

What herbal medication is contraindicated with Compazine (Prochlorperazine)?

A

Kava Kava

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8
Q

Corticosteroids

Most Corticosteroids end in _____.

A

-ONE

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9
Q

Corticosteroids

What are some examples of Corticosteroids?

A

Dexamethasone, cortisone, prednisone

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10
Q

Corticosteroids

What are the primary functions of Corticosteroids?

A

To decrease inflammation & hormone replacement

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11
Q

Corticosteroids

What should you teach clients about stopping Corticosteroids therapy?

A

To GRADUALLY DECREASE use, don’t stop abruptly

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12
Q

Corticosteroids

What must be monitored while a client is taking Corticosteroids?

A

Potassium Level
Glucose Level
I and O’s

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13
Q

Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids may cause symptoms of _____.

A

Cushing’s Syndrome

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14
Q

Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids will also delay _____ healing.

A

Wound

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15
Q

Corticosteroids

If the client is NPO for surgery should you still give the steroid?

A

Yes, during surgery, stress & illness in the body increase the need for corticosteroids.

In all other situations, DO NOT TAKE on an empty stomach.

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16
Q

Cranial Nerves

I. Olfactory

A

It controls: Sense of smell

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17
Q

Cranial Nerves

II. Optic

A

It controls: Vision

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18
Q

Cranial Nerves

III. Oculomotor
IV. Trochlear
VI. Abducens

A

It controls: Eye movement

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19
Q

Cranial Nerves

V. Trigeminal

A

It controls: Sensations of the face

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20
Q

Cranial Nerves

VII. Facial

A

It controls: Expressions of the face

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21
Q

Cranial Nerves

VIII. Acoustic

A

It controls: Hearing & balance

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22
Q

Cranial Nerves

IX. Glossopharyngeal

A

It controls: Gag & swallow

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23
Q

Cranial Nerves

X. Vagus

A

It controls: Gag & parasympathetic

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24
Q

Cranial Nerves

XI. Spinal Accessory

A

It controls: Back & neck muscles

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25
Q

Cranial Nerves

XII. Hypoglossal

A

It controls: Tongue

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26
Q

Cranial Nerves

The client is unable to shrug his shoulders; which nerve is dysfunctional?

A

CN XI. Spinal Accessory

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27
Q

Cranial Nerves

A client is unable to smell his morning coffee; which nerve is dysfunctional?

A

CN I. Olfactory

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28
Q

Cranial Nerves

A client is unable to distinguish between salty & sweet tastes; which nerve is dysfunctional?

A

CN VII. Facial

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29
Q

Crohn’s Disease

Crohn’s Disease is an ______ of the bowels.

A

Inflammation

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30
Q

Crohn’s Disease

Can Crohn’s Disease be cured with surgery?

A

No, symptoms frequently will reoccur.

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31
Q

Crohn’s Disease

Crohn’s Disease affects the digestive tract from the mouth to anus. True or false?

A

TRUE

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32
Q

Crohn’s Disease

What are the symptoms of Crohn’s Disease?

A

Abdominal pain
diarrhea
weight loss

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33
Q

Crohn’s Disease

Excessive diarrhea will cause what electrolyte imbalance?

A

hypokalemia

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34
Q

Crohn’s Disease

What food should be avoided and why?

A

Dairy products & high-fiber meals, which may worsen diarrhea

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35
Q

Crohn’s Disease

Crohn’s Disease can lead to what kind of cancer?

A

Colon

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36
Q

Crohn’s Disease

What are the treatment goals?

A

Drugs & nutrition to reduce inflammation

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37
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

What is the cause?

A

A HIGH production of hormones by adrenal gland. (Glucocorticoids)

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38
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

What are the major symptoms?

A
  • Buffalo hump
  • moon face
  • hirsutism
  • lethargy
  • weakness
  • weight gain
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39
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

What is the skin of a client with Cushing’s Syndrome like?

A

Fragile & bruises easily

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40
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

Will this client be overweight?

A

Yes weight gain is common.

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41
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

Will the serum blood glucose levels be high or low?

A

HIGH, so will the sodium levels.

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42
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

Will the serum potassium levels be high or low?

A

low so will the calcium

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43
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

What is the treatment??

A
  • Possible hypophysectomy

- or adrenalectomy then lifelong glucocorticoid therapy

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44
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

In Cystic Fibrosis, the _____ or exocrine glands are affected.

A

Mucous-producing

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45
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

How does Cystic Fibrosis abnormally change mucous gland secretions?

A

The mucous will become thick, sticky & cause obstructions.

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46
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

What are the two systems most affected by Cystic Fibrosis?

A
  1. Respiratory - mucous gets trapped in the lungs.

2. Digestive - mucous blocks the pancreas & digestive enzymes, making the absorption of nutrients very difficult.

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47
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

What is the most accurate test for Cystic Fibrosis?

A

Sweat Test- the chloride level will be >60 mEq/L

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48
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

What are the other ways to diagnose Cystic Fibrosis?

A
  • Chest X-ray
  • stool analysis
  • pulmonary function test
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49
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

How does poor absorption of fat in the digestive tract change the appearance of stool?

A

it causes steatorrhea (greasy, foul-smelling, pale stool)

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50
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

_____ are given with each meal to help with the absorption of nutrients.

A

Pancreatic enzymes

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51
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

What is the most appropriate diet for Cystic Fibrosis?

A

High calorie, high protein

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52
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

_____ is a common technique used to clear thick mucous from the lungs. This is important for preventing respiratory infections.

A

Postural drainage

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53
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

What should parents who already have a child with Cystic Fibrosis do before having another child?

A

They should get genetic counseling because Cystic Fibrosis is hereditary.

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54
Q

Diabetic Teaching

Which type of diabetes is controlled mostly by diet & exercise?

A

Type 2 DM

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55
Q

Diabetic Teaching

Which type of diabetes is controlled mostly by insulin?

A

Type I DM

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56
Q

Diabetic Teaching

What should you teach diabetics about foot care?

A
  • Have MD cut toenails; cut toenails straight across.
  • Inspect feet daily for sores.
  • Keep skin clean & dry.
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57
Q

Diabetic Teaching

If a diabetic vomits after taking PO anti-diabetic medication what should they do?

A
  • Monitor blood sugar & DO NOT REPEAT dose.

- The medication may have been absorbed.

58
Q

Diabetic Teaching

How often should a diabetic get an eye exam?

A

Yearly; diabetes can cause retinopathy.

59
Q

Diabetic Teaching

What is insulin lipodystrophy?

A

It is the result of not rotating SQ insulin injection sites.
If the px injects in the same place repeatedly, a fatty mass will appear, decreasing insulin absorption in that area.
Teach injection site rotation.

60
Q

Diabetic Teaching

Do you need to aspirate before injection insulin SQ?

A

NO

61
Q

Diabetic Teaching

What is the primary injection site for insulin?

A

Abdomen

62
Q

Diabetic Teaching

Exercising _____ blood glucose.

A

lowers

63
Q

Diabetic Teaching

Alcohol, oral contraceptives, aspirin, MAOI _____blood glucose levels.

A

lower

64
Q

Diabetic Teaching

Infection, dehydration, stress & surgery ________ blood glucose.

A

INCREASE

65
Q

Diabetic Teaching

What do you give when your client is hypoglycemic & UNCONSCIOUS?

A

Glucagon (IV or IM)

66
Q

Diabetic Teaching

Insulin pumps that are wearable mimic which organ?

A

pancreas

67
Q

Diabetic Teaching

What is the insulin used in the wearable insulin pump?

A

Regular or short acting

68
Q

Diabetic Teaching

How often is the insertion site changed when wearing an insulin pump?

A

Every 2 to 3 days

69
Q

Diabetic Teaching

Is the insulin delivered continuous or intermittent?

A

continuous

70
Q

Diabetic Teaching

What should clients be advised NOT TO DO while wearing insulin pump?

A

Smoke or drink alcohol

71
Q

Digoxin

Why is digoxin prescribed?

A

To treat heart failure & arrhythmias

72
Q

Digoxin

Digoxin is a __________.

A

Cardiac glycoside

73
Q

Digoxin

Always hold Digoxin if the HR is less than ___.

A

60

74
Q

Digoxin

What is the therapeutic blood range?

A

1-2

> 2 = TOXIC

75
Q

Digoxin

What are the signs of Digoxin toxicity?

A
  • seeing yellow spots
  • N V
  • abdominal pain
76
Q

Digoxin

How is digoxin toxicity treated?

A

Dose will be lowered; in severe cases, give activated charcoal or Digiband.

77
Q

Diuretics

What are the 3 ways a diuretic can be given?

A

PO, IV , IM

78
Q

Diuretics

Why diuretics are prescribed?

A
  • Chronic Heart Failure
  • Fluid Overload
  • Renal Failure
79
Q

Diuretics

When should clients take this medication?

A

In the morning to prevent nocturia.

80
Q

Diuretics

Why should clients take this medication during this time?

A

If taken in the evening, clients will be going to the bathroom all night.

81
Q

Diuretics

What should clients be monitored for?

A
  • Dehydration
  • low potassium
  • Hyponatremia
  • Weight loss
82
Q

Diuretics

Loop & Thiazide diuretics inhibit which electrolytes?

A

Potassium,Sodium, chloride

83
Q

Diuretics

Furosemide is a_______diuretic.

A

Loop

84
Q

Diuretics

Thiazide diuretics or contraindicated in clients allergic to?

A

Sulfa drugs

85
Q

Diuretics

______is an osmotic diuretic used to reduce ICP.

A

Osmitrol

86
Q

Diuretics

Because Osmitrol decreases intracranial pressure, it can also be used to treat____.

A

Glaucoma

87
Q

Diuretics

MANNITOL crystallizes at room temperature; you will need a_____needle to draw up.

A

Filter

88
Q

Diuretics

Spironolactone is a_____sparing diuretic.

A

Potassium

89
Q

Diuretics

Because spironolactone helps the body retain Potassium, the client is at risk for?

A

Hyperkalemia

90
Q

Diuretics

If your clients K+ = 3.0 and Lasix and Spironolactone are both ordered, how would you proceed?

A

Only give the spironolactone.

The potassium is low and Lasix will only create more potassium loss.

91
Q

Diuretics

To accurately measure urine output, a client____may be given.

A

Indwelling (Foley) catheter

92
Q

Domestic violence

What are signs of domestic violence in children?

A
  • Frequent bruises or burns

- Shrinking back when an adult approaches, and he think others.

93
Q

Domestic violence

What 2 factors are playing an important part in domestic violence.

A

Power and control -The abuser sees the victim as a procession.

94
Q

Domestic violence

What are signs of neglect in children?

A

Stealing food, lack of dental care, poor hygiene, or school attendance, stating no one’s home.

95
Q

Domestic violence

When a victim of rape shows no emotion or feelings after an attack, what is this called?

A

Controlled pattern response

96
Q

Domestic violence

What are the stages of domestic violence in an intimate relationship called?

A 
Honeymoon stage
Build up of stress
Anger
Beating
Reconciliation
97
Q

Domestic violence

Should I rape victim take a shower before coming to the hospital for treatment?

A

No , physical evidence may be washed away.

98
Q

Domestic violence

What is sexual abuse by a family member called?

A

Incest

99
Q

Domestic violence

If a Client comes into the hospital afraid for their life due to domestic abuse, should the nurse suggest they don’t go home?

A

Yes the nurse should help the client explore other housing options.

100
Q

Epiglottitis

What is epiglottis and what does it do?

A

It is a lump of skin at the base of the tongue. It opens and closes during breathing.

101
Q

Epiglottitis

What is the cause of epiglottitis?

A

Haemophilus influenza

102
Q

Epiglottitis

Is this a virus or bacteria?

A

Bacteria

103
Q

Epiglottitis

What is the usual age of children who get epiglottitis?

A

2-5 years old

104
Q

Epiglottitis

What are the signs of epiglottitis?

A

3 D‘s
Drooling
Dysphasia
Dysphonia (no voice)

105
Q

Epiglottitis

What will the child look like during an episode of epiglottitis?

A

Sitting upright; tongue protruding, drooling, shallow, rapid breathing

106
Q

Epiglottitis

Can Epiglottitis be treated at home?

A

No , the child must go to the hospital immediately.

107
Q

Epiglottitis

When assessing the airway can use a tongue depressor or tongue Blade?

A

NO NEVER Put anything in the mouth to assess!

108
Q

Epiglottitis

If the child cannot breathe, what might be done?

A

Intubation

109
Q

Epiglottitis

What medication will be given to treat epiglottitis?

A

Antibiotic therapy

110
Q

Epiglottitis

How can epiglottitis be avoided?

A

By getting the H. Influenza vaccine

111
Q

Genital herpes

How is genital herpes spread?

A

During sexual contact or birth

112
Q

Can you tell herpes

What are the symptoms for males?

A

Painful, vesicular lesions

113
Q

Genital herpes

What are the symptoms for females?

A

Painful, vesicular lesions

114
Q

Genital herpes

Are these nations always present on the body?

A

No, they come and go.

115
Q

Genital herpes

If lesions are present in a pregnant woman, how should she deliver?

A

C-section

116
Q

Genital herpes

What triggers outbreaks of genital herpes?

A

Stress, anxiety, high emotions

117
Q

Genital herpes

How often should a woman with herpes get a Pap smear?

A

Every six months

118
Q

Genital herpes

Can genital herpes be cured? What is the treatment?

A

No cure. Acyclovir

119
Q

Glaucoma

How does glaucoma affect vision ?

A

Blurry and tunnel vision noted.

There will be halos around light.

120
Q

Glaucoma

This condition can be acute or chronic due to___.

A

Increase intraocular pressure

121
Q

Glaucoma

____is the simple, painless procedure used to measure intraocular pressure.

A

Tonometry

122
Q

Glaucoma

What are the two types of glaucoma?

A

Open angle and closed angled

123
Q

Glaucoma

Which one is painful? Closed or open angle?

A

Closed angle is painful but it is not the most common of the two

124
Q

Glaucoma

State the class of drugs used to Constrict the pupil and let aqueous humor flow.

A

Miotics

125
Q

Glaucoma

Give an example of a miotic?

A

Timolo or pilocarpine

126
Q

Glaucoma

Why might diuretics be given to clients with glaucoma?

A

To decrease aqueous humor production

127
Q

Glaucoma

What diuretic is usually prescribed?

A

Osmitrol because it is an osmotic diuretic.

128
Q

Glaucoma

Never give____because they dilate the pupil.

A

Mydriatics

129
Q

Glaucoma

If surgery is required, what should you monitor for post operatively?

A

Hemorrhage

130
Q

Glaucoma

What post operative teaching should be done?

A

No straining, heavy lifting, crying or rubbing eyes

131
Q

Hyperbilirubinemia

What is considered an elevated serum bilirubin level?

A

Serum levels higher than 12 mg/dl

132
Q

Hyperbilirubinemia

what will a newborn’s skin look like?

A

Jaundice

Yellow pigment usually seen on the first day of life

133
Q

Hyperbilirubinemia

Why does the skin and sclera turn yellow?

A

Because bilirubin is yellow.

134
Q

Hyperbilirubinemia

How does jaundice spread ?

A

Head to toe

135
Q

Hyperbilirubinemia

What is the treatment for increased bilirubin levels?

A

Phototherapy

136
Q

Hyperbilirubinemia

What are the nursing interventions for phototherapy?

A

Baby should be 18 inches under lights.
Nothing but diaper on, remember to cover eyes.
Turn off lights every 8 hours For 15 minutes
Monitor temperature turn every 2 hours.

137
Q

Huntington’s disease

What kind of disease is this?

A

Inherited disorder

138
Q

Huntington’s disease

Which organ is most affected?

A

The brain as neurons die which control various body movements.

139
Q

Huntington’s disease

What are symptoms of the disease?

A

Uncontrolled movement called Chorea, Behavior changes

Impaired judgment and cognition.

140
Q

Huntington’s disease

What age is most affected?

A

30 to 50

141
Q

Huntington’s disease

Is there a cure?

A

No, the disease will get progressively worse.

142
Q

Compazine (Prochlorperazine)

What are extra-pyramidal reactions?

A

Dystonia - movement disorder in which muscle contract involuntarily, causing repetitive twisting movements

Tardive dyskinesia- form of movt that are drug induced(tongue protruding, rocking back & forth, increase movement or not moving at all

Akathisia- movement disorder that makes it hard to stay still; motor restlessness

Quick Facts (6 decks)

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