organic chemistry - carbon compounds and fuel stock

Question 1

where is crude oil found?

Answer 1

in rocks

Question 2

crude oil is the remains of…

Answer 2

ancient biomass consisting of plankton buried in mud

Question 3

crude oil is a mixture. what is a mixture?

Answer 3

two or more elements that are not chemically bonded and the chemical properties of them are unchanged

Question 4

how do you separate the substances in a mixture?

Answer 4

by using physical method

Question 5

give a process that can be used to separate mixtures.

Answer 5

distillation

Question 6

what molecules are in the compound of crude oil?

Answer 6

hydrogen and carbon only

Question 7

what is the general formula of a hydrocarbon?

Answer 7

CnH2n+2

Question 8

what are the first four alkanes?

Answer 8

methane, ethane, propane and butane. (monkeys eat purple bananas)

Question 9

what happens when oil is heated in a fractionating column?

Answer 9

the oil evaporates and condenses at different temperatures

Question 10

how does the crude oil become condensed in a fractionating column?

Answer 10

heated crude oil is piped into the bottom.
the vaporised oil evaporates
then rises up the column and the fractions are tapped off at different levels where they condense

Question 11

when the crude oil has been fractioned what can they then be used for?

Answer 11

fuels
petrochemical industry
natural and synthetic carbon compounds

Question 12

if a hydrocarbon is shorter how viscous is it?

Answer 12

less viscous

Question 13

if a hydrocarbon is longer how viscous is it?

Answer 13

more viscous

Question 14

what does viscous mean?

Answer 14

how runny it is

Question 15

what temperature and boiling point does shorter molecules have?

Answer 15

lower temperature and boiling point

Question 16

what happens to the flammability of the shorter molecules?

Answer 16

they are more flammable

Question 17

why are hydrocarbons burnt?

Answer 17

to produce fuel

Question 18

why does the burning of hydrocarbons produce fuel?

Answer 18

because the process produces energy

Question 19

how can hydrocarbons produce smaller molecules?

Answer 19

by heating the hydrocarbons to vaporise them

Question 20

what processes can take place to make smaller hydrocarbons?

Answer 20

passing them over a hot catalyst or mixing them with steam and heated to high temperature

Question 21

what is the general formula for alkenes?

Answer 21

CnH2n

Question 22

what are the first two alkenes?

Answer 22

ethene and propene

Question 23

what happens when alkene reacts with bromine water?

Answer 23

it becomes colourless

Question 24

why are products from cracking useful as fuels?

Answer 24

because they have shorter chains making them more flammable