Resistance To Social Influence Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What are the types of resistance to social influence?

A

Social support

Locus off control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is social support?

A

The perception that an individual has assistance available from other people, and that they are part of a supportive network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the sections within social support?

A

And resisting conformity

And resisting obedience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did Asch (1956) find?

A

That the presence of social support enables an individual to resist conformity pressure from the majority.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happened in a variation of Asch’s study?

A

The introduction of an ally who also gave the right answer (and so appeared to resist the majority) caused conformity levels to drop sharply.

The social support offered by the ally led to a reduction in conformity from 33% (with a unanimous majority) to just 5.5%.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What’s the most important aspect of social support?

A

Appears to be that is breaks the unanimous position of the majority.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does social support help resist conformity?

A

Supporters and dissenters are likely to be effective in reducing conformity because, by breaking the unanimity of the majority, they raise the possibility that there are other, equally legitimate, ways of thinking or responding.

The presence of an ally provides the individual with an independent assessment of reality that makes them feel more confident in their decision and better able to stand up to the majority.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is it difficult to resist obedience?

A

It is often difficult to take a stand against authority because the obedient behaviour of others makes even a harmful action appear acceptable.

However, their disobedience can change that perception.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does social support help with resisting obedience?

A

Research has shown that individuals are generally more confident in their ability to resist the temptation to obey if they can find an ally who is willing to join them in opposing the authority figure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do disobedient peers do?

A

Act as role models on which the individual can model their own behaviour.

Individuals are able to use the defiance to peers as an opportunity to extricate themselves from having to cause any further harm to a victim as a result of their obedience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What’s the most important aspect of social support?

A

Appears to be that is breaks the unanimous position of the majority.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does locus of control mean?

A

People differ in their beliefs about whether the outcomes of their actions are dependent on what they do (internal LoC) or on events outside their personal control (external LoC).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does internality mean?

A

Individuals who tend to believe that they are responsible for their behaviour and experience rather than external forces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does externality mean?

A

Individuals who tend to believe that their behaviour and experience is caused by events outside their control.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a strong internal LoC associated with?

A

The belief that we can control events in our life.

People believe that what happens to them is largely a consequence of their own ability and effort.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a strong external LoC associated with?

A

Tend to believe that what happens to them is determined by external factors, such as influence of others or luck.

They have a sense that things ‘just happen to them’ and are largely out of their control.

17
Q

What are people with high internality like to show?

A

They are more likely to display independence in thought and behaviour.

18
Q

What are people with high externality like to show?

A

Have a more passive and fatalistic attitude, taking less personal responsibility for their actions.

Less likely to display independent behaviour and more likely to accept the influence of others.

19
Q

Which LoC is better able to resist social influence?

A

People with high internality - rely less on the opinions of others.

20
Q

What are the characteristics internals have?

A

High internals are active seekers of information that is useful to them, and so are less likely to rely on the opinions of others, making them less vulnerable to social influence.

High internals tend to be more achievement-oriented and consequently more likely to become leaders rather than follow others

High internals are better able to resist coercion from others.

21
Q

What’s an example of internals being better able to resist coercion from others?

A

In a stimulated prisoner-of-war camp situation, internals were better able to resist the attempts of an interrogator to gain information.

The more intense pressure, the greater the difference between the internal’s performance and that of the external’s (Hutchins and Estey, 1978).

22
Q

What’s an example of social support and resisting obedience?

A

For example, in one of Milgram’s variations, the participants was one of a team of three testing the learner.

The other two were actually confederates who, one after another, refused to continue shocking the learner and withdrew.

The defiance had a liberating influence on the real participants, with only 10% continuing to the maximum 450V shock level.

23
Q

Why is it difficult to resist obedience?

A

It is often difficult to take a stand against authority because the obedient behaviour of others makes even a harmful action appear acceptable.

However, their disobedience can change that perception.

24
Q

What’s an example of internals being better able to resist coercion from others?

A

In a stimulated prisoner-of-war camp situation, internals were better able to resist the attempts of an interrogator to gain information.

The more intense pressure, the greater the difference between the internal’s performance and that of the external’s (Hutchins and Estey, 1978).

25
Q

What’s an example of social support and resisting obedience?

A

For example, in one of Milgram’s variations, the participants was one of a team of three testing the learner.

The other two were actually confederates who, one after another, refused to continue shocking the learner and withdrew.

The defiance had a liberating influence on the real participants, with only 10% continuing to the maximum 450V shock level.