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Biology 242 Midterm > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

The layer that contracts to churn food or move food along

A

muscularis

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2
Q

Layer consisting of a membrane that lines the body cavity that opens to the exterior; lines smooth muscle

A

mucosa

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3
Q

Areolar connective tissue layer located dee to the mucosa

A

submucosa

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4
Q

A serous membrane that is the external layer of the GI tract

A

serosa

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5
Q

Its only function is propulsion

A

esophagus

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6
Q

A continuous digestive tube from the mouth to the anus

A

Alimentary canal or GI tract

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7
Q

Conducts both air and food

A

Pharynx

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8
Q

Primary site of nutrient absorption: is composed of 3 sections

A

small intestine

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9
Q

Section of small intestine that receives bile, pancreatic secretions, and food from the stomach

A

duodenum

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10
Q

Churns food and begins protein digestion

A

stomach

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11
Q

Has two sphincters that control elimination of feces from the body

A

anus

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12
Q

Has regions called the cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus

A

stomach

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13
Q

has regions called the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal

A

large intestine

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14
Q

Receives secretions from salivary glands; mastication occurs here

A

mouth/oral cavity

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15
Q

Finger-like extensions increasing surface area in the small intestine

A

Villi

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16
Q

Folds in the gastric mucosa

A

Rugae

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17
Q

Permanent deep ridges in the small intestine mucosa

A

Plicae circularis/circular folds

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18
Q

Sphincter valve between the stomach and duodenum

A

pyloric sphincter

19
Q

Serous membrane that lines the abdominal wall

A

parietal peritoneum

20
Q

Serous membrane that covers the abdominal organs

A

visceral peritoneum

21
Q

Sphincter that connects the small and large intestine

A

ileocecal sphincter

22
Q

Fluid that begins digestion of carbohydrates

A

saliva/salivary amylase

23
Q

Bony plate between the mouth and nose

A

hard palate

24
Q

Forms brush border; extensions of epithelial cell plasma membrane

A

microvilli

25
Q

Keeps food and fluid from going up into the nasal cavity

A

soft palate

26
Q

Area between lips and teeth

A

Vestibule

27
Q

Region of the stomach where the lower esophageal sphincter meets the stomach

A

cardia

28
Q

Has regions called ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid

A

large intestine/colon

29
Q

Narrowed region of the stomach before the small intestine

A

Pylorus

30
Q

A series of gathered pouches in the large intestine

A

Haustra

31
Q

Mechanically breaks up food during mastication

A

Teeth

32
Q

Secretes enzymes that digest carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

A

Pancreas

33
Q

Salivary glands located under the tongue with ducts that open in the floor of the mouth

A

sublingual

34
Q

Produces and secretes bile into ducts

A

liver

35
Q

Peritoneal membrane that holds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

A

mesentery

36
Q

The secretions of this gland join with bile to enter the duodenum

A

Pancreas

37
Q

Peritoneal fold that holds the liver to the anterior abdominal wall

A

falciform ligament

38
Q

Manipulates food in mastication

A

tongue

39
Q

Fatty, large fold of peritoneum covering the transverse colon and small intestine

A

greater omentum

40
Q

Largest salivary glands whose ducts open by the upper second molars

A

parotid gland

41
Q

Stores and secretes bile into the duodenum

A

gallbladder

42
Q

Peritoneal membrane that attaches the stomach and duodenum to the liver

A

lesser omentum

43
Q

Salivary glands whose ducts open lateral to the lingual frenulum

A

submandibular

Biology 242 Midterm (11 decks)

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