Lecture 5: Receivers' resistance strategies Flashcards
On what does the type of resistance depends?
On several communicative elements:
- Message
- Context / medium:
- Source
- Target
What is message on which the type of resistance depends on?
the type of message that we are confronted with. Is it important/ relevant for us, does it appeal to us?
What is context/medium on which the type of resistance depends on?
the context and the medium via which we receive the message. Being put on the spot and communicating face to face for example.
What is the source on which the type of resistance depends on?
the sender plays a role, do we like him/her? is he an authority?
What is the target on which the type of resistance depends on?
The receiver is important, do we have the resources to process the message? Can we react? are we worried about our appearance?
Why are health messages perceived as threatening? (e.g., smoking kills tuff)
it appeals to:
- Physical threat
- Self-threat
What is physical-threat?
Fear, physical danger. For smokers some campaigns show the negative consequences of smoking (with the pictures on the packages)
What is self-threat?
The threat to view the self as morale adequate, living up to one’s own standards. We don’t want to harm others around us, but if we smoke we do.
What is cognitive dissonance?
The uncomfortable feeling we have when our beliefs are not in line with our behavior.
How do we solve when we feel cognitive dissonance? (e.g., smoking example, since it is addictive)
- Avoidance
- Suppression
- Denial
- Cognitive appraisal
What is avoidance when we feel cognitive dissonance?
for example: picking the cigarets in another package without the messages on them
What is suppression when we feel cognitive dissonance?
Actively surpassing the negative effects of what you see and feel.
What is denial when we feel cognitive dissonance?
Deny that smoking is bad for you
What is cognitive reappraisal?
it is for example, adding a new element without avoiding that it is indeed bad what you do. (for example, I could also get hit by a bus tomorrow so I’ll continue to smoke)
What is adaptive function?
Controlling the negative emotions caused by cognitive dissonance restoring an effectively functioning state of mind.
