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French Wine Scholar > Bordeaux > Flashcards

Bordeaux Flashcards

1
Q

Parents of Cabernet Sauvignon

A

Sauvignon Blanc x Cabernet Franc

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2
Q

Parents of Merlot

A

Magdeleine Noire x Cabernet Franc

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3
Q

Parents Malbec

A

Prunelard x Magdeleine Noire

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4
Q

Parents Carmènere

A

Cabernet Franc x Gros Cabernet

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5
Q

Terms
Claret
Clairet

A 
Claret = English name for Bordeaux reds
Clairet = dark rosé wine
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6
Q

Climate Bordeaux

A

Maritime

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7
Q

‘Le Lande’

A

Largest men made forest in Europe, protects Bordeaux from Ocean winds & storms

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8
Q

2 important rivers that flank ‘Entre Deux Mers’

A

Dordogne

Garonne

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9
Q

Bordeaux:
Warm soils
Cold soils

A

warm soils: Gravel & Sand, warm up and radiate heat back

cold soils: Clay & Limestone, dense and moisture retaining
limestone: high acidity, lean tannins

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10
Q

White grapes Bordeaux

A

Sémillon (49%)
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle

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11
Q

Red grapes Bordeaux

A 
Merlot (65%)
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Franc
Malbec (Côt, Noir de Pressac)
Petit Verdot
Carmenère
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12
Q

Left Bank, soils, grapes

A

Gravel (warm soils), Cabernet Sauvignon dominated

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13
Q

Right bank, soils, grapes

A

Clay & Limestone (cold soils), Merlot & Cabernet Franc

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14
Q

Wine styles Bordeaux Supérieur AOC

A

Red
Moeulleux (semi sweet whites)

No dry whites allowed!

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15
Q

Médoc, winestyle, soil, grapes

A

Only red, Cabernet Sauvignon dominated, gravel (warm soils)

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16
Q

Médoc 8 AOCs

A 
Médoc 
Haut Médoc 
St. Estèphe 
Pauillac
St. Julien
Margaux
Moulis-en-Médoc
Listrac-Médoc
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17
Q

6 AOCs Graves & Sauternes

A

Graves
Graves Supérieur
Pessac-Léognan

Sauternes
Barsac
Cérons

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18
Q

3 sweet wine AOCs in Grave

A

Sauternes
Barsac
Cérons

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19
Q

Which river flows between Barsac & Sauternes, creating morning fog together with Garonne

A

Ciron

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20
Q

Which is considered the most ‘Californian’ AOC in Medoc

chocolate covered cherry fruit

A

St Julien AOC

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21
Q

What winestyles are made under

Graves AOC
Graves Supérieures AOC

A

Grave: red & white

Grave Supérieures: semi sweet white

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22
Q

How did Bodeaux escape extreme fragmentation of vineyard holdings like in Bourgogne?

A

Incorporation - gave away shares, not land

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23
Q

As trade began to flourish in 1800s, what 3 pests hit the Bordeaux vineyards?

A

Powdery mildew
Phylloxera
Downey mildew

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24
Q

What did Emile Peynaud introduce to Bordeaux

A

2nd labels

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25
Q

What triggered the third golden age of Bordeaux?

A

Robert Parker merits of 1982 vintage

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26
Q

Gironde - whats that?

A

Name of river estuary, from l’hirondelle (Schwalbe)

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27
Q

Why were ‘The Lands’ planted

A

Windbreak, to avoid that sand dunes epand

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28
Q

River that divides Left Bank from Entre Deux Mers

A

Garonne

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29
Q

River that divides Right bank from Entre Deux Mers

A

Dordogne

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30
Q

What differences Bordeaux Supérieur AOC from Bordeaux AOC?

A 
Lower yields
Higher min alcohol levels
Reds must age at least 9 months
Whites must be moelleux 
(no dry whites in supérieur)
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31
Q

Where is the origen on Sémillon?

A

Sauternes, Graves

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32
Q

Origen of Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Loire

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33
Q

Origen of Muscadelle?

A

Bordeaux

34
Q

What percentage of Bordeaux is planted to white grapes?

A

12%

35
Q

What is the origen of Merlot & Cabernet Sauvignon

A

Bordeaux

36
Q

What is the origen of Cabernet Franc?

A

Basque Country, Spain

37
Q

Merlot:
Parents?
What soils does it prefer?

A

Magdeleine Noire x Cabernet Franc

Preferred soils: Clay

38
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon:
Parents?
Preferred Soils?

A

Sauvignon Blanc x Cabernet Franc

Warm soils: gravel and sand

39
Q

What soils does Cabernet Franc prefer?

A

limestone (cold soil)

40
Q

Parents of Malbec?

A

Prunelard x Magdeleine Noir

41
Q

Wine styles:
White Graves
White Graves Supérieurs

A

White Graves: Dry

White Graves Supérieurs: Semi Sweet

42
Q

3 Sweet wine AOCs in Entre Deux Mers

A

Cadillac
Loupiac
Sainte-Croix-Du-Mont

43
Q

Premières Côtes de Bordeaux
location
wine style

A

Entre-Deux-Mers

Semi sweet white

44
Q

Graves de Vayres
location
wine styles

A

Entre-deux-Mers

Red, dry & semi-sweet white

45
Q 
The Côtes:
Location
Banks
Facing
Soils
Grapes
A 
Mainly on right banks
On slopes of rivers or estuary
Mostly west facing
Clay & Limestone soils
Merlot & Cab Franc planted
46
Q

Côtes de Bordeaux AOC

winestyle

A

dry red if from generic Côtes de Bordeaux, can vary if sub regional designation is annexed

47
Q

Cadillac-Côtes de Bordeaux AOC
Cadillac AOC

winestyles

A

Cadillac-Côtes de Bordeaux: red

Cadillac: sweet

48
Q

What are the four St. Emilion satellites?

A

St Georges - St. Emilion AOC
Lussac - St. Emilion AOC
Montagne - St. Emilion AOC
Puisseguin - St. Emilion AOC

49
Q

Which Bordeaux classification ranks wines, not estates

A

Graves Classification
wines of 16 properties

6 estates red & white wine
3 estates white
7 estates red

Bottles can be labeled
Grand Cru Classé de Graves
or
Cru Classé de Graves

50
Q

Difference in taste of Pomerol & Lalande-de-Pomerol

A

Pomerol: Walnut, truffle,.prune; age-worthy

Lalande-de-Pomerol: Fruitier, strawberry, raspberry, less structured then Pomerol

51
Q

What event decimated the Malbec plantings in Bordeaux?

A

Winter Freeze of 1956

52
Q

What practice was found to rob Sauvignon Blanc of its aromatics?

A

Copper-Sulfate sprays

53
Q

Differences Bordeaux Supérieur & Bordeaux AOC

red & whites

A

stricter production standards, lower yields, higher Alcohol

reds: aged for 9 months
white: semi sweet

54
Q

How are reds from Entre-Deux-Mers labeled?

A

Bordeaux AOC

Bordeaux Supérieur AOC

55
Q

What are the three secondary red grape varieties in Bordeaux?

A

Malbec, Petit Verdot, Carmenère

56
Q

What is the primary grape of Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

57
Q

Why is Graves suited for sweet wine production?

A

Damp, foggy mornings followed by warm dry afternoons promote noble rot.

58
Q

What are the four sub-regional designations of the Côtes de Bordeaux AOC

A

Blaye
Cadillac
Castillon
Francs

59
Q

What style of wine is made in the Médoc?

A

Dry reds only

60
Q

What Bordeaux AOC produces dry whites mainly from Colombard?

A

Côtes de Blaye AOC

61
Q

What style of wine is made under the Entre-Deux-Mers AOC

A

Dry whites only

62
Q

Bordeaux’s first vineyards were planted in what sub-region?

A

Graves

63
Q

Where is the wine producing area of Libournais?

A

Bordeaux right bank, around city of Liborne

64
Q

What Médoc AOC is considered the most ‘Californian’ (chocolate covered cherries)

A

St. Julien

65
Q

What style of wine is produced in the Libournais?

A

Dry red only (in all 10 AOC’s)

66
Q

What 3 Bordeaux wunegrowing areas were included in the 1855 classification?

A

Médoc (60 Châteaux)
Péssac-Leognan (1 Chateau)
Sauternes (26 Châteaux)

67
Q

How many categories of “Growths” “Crus” were given to red wines in the 1855 classification?

A

5

68
Q

A semi-sweet wine from Graves must be labeled as?

A

Graves Supérieures AOC

69
Q

What Médoc AOC is considered the most feminine and perfumed?

A

Margaux AOC

70
Q

What Bordeaux soils are considered “cold”?

A

Clay and Limestone

retain moisture

71
Q

Bordeaux produces more AOC wine then any other French region? T/F

A

True

72
Q

Why is Malbec seldom planted in Bordeaux today?

A

Winter freeze of 1956 destroyed most Malbec plantings

73
Q

What is the climate of Bordeaux?

A

Maritime

74
Q

What are the 4 St. Emilion satellites?

A

St-Georges
Lussac
Montagne
Puisseguin

75
Q

What estate is the only Premier Cru Supérieur of the 1855 classification?

A

Château d’Yquem

76
Q

What did the 1953 Graves classification rank?

A

Wines of 16 estates (not the estates themselves)

77
Q

What 3 Bordeaux winegrowing areas were included in the 1855 classification?

A

Médoc (60 chateaux)
Péssac-Leognan (1 chateau - Chateau Haut-Brion)
Sauternes (25 chateaux)

78
Q

What style of wine is produced in the Libournais

A

All 10 Libournais AOCs are for dry reds only

79
Q

Percentage of red and white wine produces in Graves

A

2/3 red

1/3 white, dry and sweet

80
Q

Graves AOC
Graves Supérieures AOC
winestyles

A

Graves AOC: red & dry white

Graves Supérieures AOC: semi sweet

French Wine Scholar (14 decks)

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