1.2.2. Lymphatics of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Where do all lymphatic vessels in the upper limb drain to?

A

The Axillary Lymph Nodes

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2
Q

What are the 5 groups of Axillary Lymph Nodes?

A
  1. Anterior (Pectoral) Group
  2. Posterior (Subscapular) Group
  3. Apical Group
  4. Central Group
  5. Lateral (Humeral) Group
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3
Q

Where do the superficial lymphatic vessels of the upper limb arise?

A

Lymphatic Plexuses in the skin of the hand

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4
Q

Where do the Lymphatic Plexuses travel?

A

They ascend up the arm, in close proximity to the major superficial veins

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5
Q

Where do the Superficial Lymphatic Vessels shadowing the Basilic vein enter?

A

The Cubital Lymph Nodes

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6
Q

Where are the Cubital Lymph Nodes located?

A
  1. Medial to the Basilic Vein

2. Proximal to the Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus

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7
Q

Where do the Superficial Lymphatic Vessels ascending from the Cubital Lymph Nodes terminate?

A

These continue up the arm and terminate in the Lateral Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes

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8
Q

Where do the Superficial Lymphatic Vessels shadowing the Cephalic Vein travel?

A

They cross the proximal part of the Arm and Shoulder

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9
Q
  1. Where do the Superficial Lymphatic Vessels shadowing the Cephalic Vein terminate?
  2. What are the exceptions?
A
  1. The Apical Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes

2. Some enter more superficial Deltopectoral Lymph Nodes

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10
Q

What do the Deep Lymphatic Vessels of the Upper Limb follow?

A

They follow the Major Deep Veins of the Upper Limb:

  1. Radial
  2. Ulnar
  3. Brachial
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11
Q

Where do the Deep Lymphatic Vessels of the Upper Limb terminate?

A

Humeral Axillary Lymph Nodes

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12
Q

What is the function of the Deep Lymphatic Vessels of the Upper Limb (including the Humeral Axillary Lymph Nodes)?

A

To drain Lymph from:

  1. Joint Capsules
  2. Periosteum
  3. Tendons
  4. Muscles
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13
Q

Where is the Anterior (Pectoral) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes located?

A

Medial Wall of the Axilla

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14
Q

Where does the Anterior (Pectoral) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes receive Lymph from?

A

Primarily from the Anterior Thoracic Wall (including most of the breast)

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15
Q

Where is the Posterior (Subscapular) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes located?

A

Along the Posterior Axillary Fold, and Subscapular Blood Vessels

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16
Q

Where does the Posterior (Subscapular) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes receive Lymph from?

A
  1. Postreior Thoracic Wall

2. Subscapular Region

17
Q

Where is the Lateral (Humeral) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes located?

A
  1. In the Lateral Wall of the Axilla

2. Posterior to the Axillary Vein

18
Q

Where does the Lateral (Humeral) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes receive Lymph from?

A

Majority of the Lymph drained from the Upper Limb (Deep Lymphatic Vessels drain into here)

19
Q

Where is the Central Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes located?

A

Near the base of the Axilla:

  1. Deep to the Pectoralis Minor
  2. Close to the 2nd part of the Axillary Artery
20
Q

Where does the Central Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes receive Lymph from?

A

Efferent Vessels from the:

  1. Anterior (Pectoral) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes
  2. Posterior (Subscapular) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes
  3. Lateral (Humeral) Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes
21
Q

Where is the Apical Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes located?

A

In the Apex of the Axilla - close to the Axillary Vein and 1st part of the Axillary Artery

22
Q

Where does the Apical Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes receive Lymph from?

A
  1. Efferent Vessels of the Central Axillary Lymph Nodes (therefore all Axillary Lymph Node Groups)
  2. Lymphatic Vessels accompanying the Cephalic Vein
23
Q

Where do the Efferent Vessels of the Apical Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes travel?

A

Through the Cervico-Axillary Canal

24
Q

What do the Efferent Vessels of the Apical Group of Axillary Lymph Nodes converge with?

A

The Subclavian Lymphatic Trunk

25
Q

What does the Right Subclavian Lymphatic Trunk go on to form?

A

The Right Lymphatic Duct

26
Q

Where does the Right Lymphatic Duct drain?

A

It enters the Right Venous Angle (Junction of Internal Jugular and Subclavian Veins) directly

27
Q

Where does the Left Subclavian Lymphatic Trunk drain?

A

Directly into the Thoracic Duct

28
Q

Which group of Lymph Nodes will be involved if the Lymphatic Spread of an infection begins in the little finger?

A

The Axillary Lymph Nodes

29
Q

Which group of Lymph Nodes will be involved if the Lymphatic Spread of an infection begins in the Scapular region?

A

The Axillary Lymph Nodes

30
Q

Which group of Lymph Nodes will be involved if the Lymphatic Spread of an infection begins in Medial part of the Breast (close to the Sternum)?

A

The Internal Thoracic (Internal Mammary) Lymph Nodes

31
Q

Which group of Lymph Nodes will be involved if the Lymphatic Spread of an infection begins in Lateral part of the Breast (close the the Axilla)?

A

The Axillary Lymph Nodes

32
Q
  1. Which group of Lymph Nodes will be involved if the Lymphatic Spread of an infection begins around the Umbilicus (due to an infected tattoo)?
  2. Why?
A
  1. a) The Axillary Lymph Nodes
  2. b) The Superficial Inguinal Lymph Nodes
  3. The umbilicus is the boundary for which lymph above drains into the Axillary, and below drains into the Superficial Inguinal Lymph Nodes - so it can spread both ways