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3. Oral Surgery > Extraction Instruments and Positions > Flashcards

Extraction Instruments and Positions Flashcards

1
Q

What do we base our decision to extract a tooth? (2)

A

clinical judgement radiographic assessment

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2
Q

<p>What are some indications for XLa?</p>

A

Gross caries

unrestorable teeth

advanced perio disease

tooth/root fracture

pulpal necrosis

apical infection

upper wisdom tooth damaging cheek when biting

symptomatic PE teeth

traumatically positioned teeth

ortho indications

interference with denture constructions

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3
Q

What are the types of forces? (8) (10)

A

Straight upper anterior forces

Upper universal forceps

Upper molar forceps

Lower universal forceps

Lower molar forceps

Cowhorn forceps

Bayonet forceps - upper bayonet third molar forceps and upper bayonet root forceps

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4
Q

What do straight upper anterior forceps look like?

A

Straight instrument - when put on table will lie flat

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5
Q

What do we use straight upper anterior forceps for?

A

3-3 (upper canine to canine)

can’t use in posterior teeth as its straight and we need curve for back teeth

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6
Q

What do all the lower forceps have in common?

A

90 degree angle between handle and head

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7
Q

What do upper universal forceps look like?

A

they have a slight curve meaning they can reach further back in mouth

won’t lie flat on desk but tip is identical to upper straight forceps

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8
Q

What does the curve in upper universal forceps allow for?

A

Reach further back in mouth

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9
Q

Describe difference between upper universal forceps and straight upper anterior forceps

A

Same tip of instrument but different handles (upper universal curved and won’t lie flat)

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10
Q

What do we use upper universal forceps for?

A

Premoalrs forward (not good for molars as not good enough grip)

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11
Q

What teeth are upper universal forceps good for?

A

SINGLE ROOTED TEETH - canines

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12
Q

What do upper molar forceps look like?

A

Tips have concave surface and triangular beak shape

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13
Q

What is the tip of an upper molar forceps like?

A

has a concave area which is used for the single root (palatally)

triangle beak shape which is used for two roots ducally

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14
Q

Where does the point of upper molar forceps beak go?

A

in between root furcation

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15
Q

What are lower universal forceps like?

A

They are concave on both sides and right angle of tip to handle

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16
Q

what are lower universal forceps used for?

A

5-5 - single rooted teeth

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17
Q

What are lower molar forceps like?

A

They have pointed beaks on each side (triangle) which engage the buccal and lingual furcation

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18
Q

What are cowhorn forceps?

A

Pointy and sharp instrument that are very narrow

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19
Q

How are cowhorn forceps used?

A

they are used differently to normal forceps - only used In two rooted molars - we need radiograph to show to straight separate roots

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20
Q

Where are cowhorn forceps sput?

A

Down into furcation and we squeeze handle which goes into furcation and lifts tooth out (normal technique is mobilising teethe then extract with forceps)

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21
Q

what are the types of bayonets forceps?

A

upper bayonet third molar forceps

upper bayonet root forceps

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22
Q

What is the difference between upper bayonet third molar forceps and bayonet root forceps?

A

Upper their dmolars are more rounded and wider whereas upper root forceps are used to remove roots if there is fracture and are narrower, finer and sharper

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23
Q

What do lower forceps have between handle and blade?

A

90 degree curvature

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24
Q

When extracting teeth when do we stand in front of pt to the right?

A

If extracting upper 1-5

upper molars

lower molars - left

lower pre molars - left

lower anteriors

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25
Q

wHEN EXTRACTING TEETH WHEN do we stand behind pt?

A

lower molars - right

lower pre molars - right

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26
Q

What position are we in to extract upper 1-5?

A

Infront of pt to the right

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27
Q

What forceps can we use to extract upper 1-5?

A

Straight upper anterior forceps

Upper universal forceps

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28
Q

What position are we in to extract upper molars?

A

To the front and to the right but have pt a little bit more backwards

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29
Q

What forceps can we use to extract upper molars?

A

Upper molar forceps (r or left)

Upper bayonet third molar forceps

upper bayonet root forceps if the root fractures

30
Q

What position are we in to extract lower molars on left hand side?

A

in front of pt to the right hand side - chair slightly reclined

31
Q

What forceps do we use to extract lower left molars?

A

Lower molar forceps

Cowhorn forceps - if two root s

32
Q

What position are we in to extract lower right molars?

A

behind pt to the right

33
Q

What forceps do we use to extract lower right molars?

A

Lower molar forceps - R

Cowhorn forceps

34
Q

What position are we in to extract lower left pre molars?

A

Infrotn and to right

35
Q

What forceps do we use for lower left pre molars?

A

Lower universal forceps

36
Q

What position are we in to extract lower right pre molars?

A

behind and to right

37
Q

What forceps do we use to extract lower right pre molars?

A

lower universal forceps

38
Q

What forceps do we use to extract lower anterior teeth?

A

Lower universal forceps

39
Q

what position are we in to extract lower anterior teeth?

A

infront to right

or behind pt to right

40
Q

What position should pt be in for upper extractions?

A

Pt up high with pts head level to our shoulders

we stand to the front and right of the pt

41
Q

How should our elbows and arms be when extracting tooth?

A

straight as possible

42
Q

When extracting tooth what do we use non dominant hand for?

A

To support alveolus with thumb and index finger

43
Q

In teeth 1-5 what movement do we use?

A

primary rotational movement `(cork bottle) then secondary buccal to palatal movement to dilate the socket and deliver the tooth

44
Q

Why do we use buccal to palatal movement?

A

to dilate the socket and deliver the tooth

45
Q

What movement do we use in molar teeth?

A

Additional figure of eight movement

46
Q

Describe how to extract an upper right canine

A

position ourselves infant and to right of patient

take the straight upper anterior forceps or upper universal forceps

use non dominant left hand to retract the soft tissues and support the alveolus

then begin with apical pressure to ensure blades of forceps are on root surface

primary rotational movement (cork screw movement)

buccal to palatal movement

47
Q

Describe how to extract upper left 2nd premolar

A

position ourselves infrotn and to right of pt

select upper universal forceps

use non Dom hand to supportr soft tissue and alveolus

primary rotation movement

secondary buccal to palatal movement

deliver tooth

48
Q

How do we extract an upper 1st molar?

A

Infront and to right of pt

select upper molar forceps

use non Dom hand to support soft tissues and alveolar (thumb and index finger)

ensure upper molar forceps were BEAK TO CHEEK!!!!

apply firm apical pressure

primary rotational movement

secondary buccal to palatal

additional figure of 9 socket movement to deliver tooth

49
Q

What is different with chair position for lower extractions?

A

it is more reclined and low so pts head is level with our elbows

50
Q

For lower right quadrant where do we stand when xla?

A

behind and to right of pt

51
Q

For lower left quadrant where do we stand when xla?

A

infront and to rigtht of pt

52
Q

What do we use non Dom hand for?

A

thumb and index fingers for alveolus and remaining fingers for mandible

53
Q

Describe how to extract a lower right canine

A

Stand behind pt to the right t

select lower universal forceps

position non Dom hand

primary rotational

secondary buccal to lingual movement

54
Q

Describe how to extract lower right 2nd molar

A

stand behind pt to right

select lower molar forceps (r) or cowhorn forceps

non dom hand

apply forceps with firm apical pressure

initial primary rotational movements

secondary buccal to lingual

additional figure of 8 movements to widen and dilate socket

55
Q

How do we extract lower left canine?

A

infrotn and right of pt

select lower universal forceps

non dom hand

apical pressure

primary rotational movement

secondary buccal to lingual

56
Q

What are elevators?

A

these are used to loosen the tooth
elevator instruments are used to luxate teeth, and this technique imparts forces to tooth particles that sever the periodontal ligament around tooth roots inside the socket and expand alveolar bone around tooth particles.

LUXATE THE TOOTH and minimise how much we break teeth

57
Q

What are the three types of elevators?

A

couplands

cryers

Warwicks

58
Q

What are couplands elevators?

A

These are 3 different sized elevators that are used to split multi rooted teeth and are inserted between the bone and tooth roots and rotated to elevate them out of the socket

59
Q

What are the sizes of couplings?

A

1 2 3

narrow to wide

60
Q

What are cryers elevators?

A

Set of two pointed instrument - concave surface points to ceiling upwards (pointy bits will paint at each other)

61
Q

What are cryers used for?

A

to get out fractured retained roots

62
Q

What are the two cryers?

A

left and right

63
Q

What are Warwick James elevators?

A

set of 3 elevators - left right and straight

64
Q

What is straight warwkicj used for ?

A

lower wisdom teeth

65
Q

How is couplings elevator held?

A

iN PALM OF HAND AND INDEX FINGER SUPPROTS THE SHANK

66
Q

what movement for couplands elevator?

A

rotational movement

67
Q

What shaped blade does cryers have?

A

triangle

68
Q

What are cryers good for extracting?

A

molar roots

69
Q

Where can cryers be applied?

A

Buccal to engage furcation or placed in socket to elevate fractured root

70
Q

wHAT CAN R and l Warwickjames be good for?

A

Elevatign maxillary 3rd molars

3. Oral Surgery (9 decks)

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