Cardiology Flashcards
A positive hepatocellular jugular reflex indicates
Increased systemic venous pressure
Pulse deficits occur when
& usually indicate
The pulse rate is lower than HR. Usually indicate premature beats - not enough filling for blood to be ejected with each beat.
Pulse quality is affected by
- Stroke volume
- ejection velocity
- relative compliance of the arterial system
(DIFFERENCE between systolic + diastolic pressures
Bounding pulses are seen with
PDA or aortic valve insufficiency
Where are the tricuspid and mistral valves located?
Tricuspid: RA-RV
Mitral: LA-LV
Which heart sounds are normally heard in the D + C. What do they correspond to?
S1= AV valves closing - start of systole S2= Semi-lunar valves closing - end of systole
What are the 4 heart sounds:
S1= AV valves closing - start of systole S2= Semi-lunar valves closing - end of systole S3 = rapid ventricular filling S4 = atrial contraction + flow through AV valve.
S3 heart sound corresponds to
rapid ventricular filling
S3 may be heard with (dz)
DCM - ventricles dilated
S4 heart sound corresponds to
Atrial contraction + flow through AV valve.
S4 may be hear in (dz)
Cats with HCM - decreased compliance of ventricles.
Murmurs can be due to
turbulent blood flow or vibration of a cardiac structure
Decreased viscosity of blood can cause
A murmur - increased turbulence