Module 1: Historical Perspectives Flashcards
What are the criteria for judging behaviour as “abnormal”?
- Statistical rarity
- Personal distress
- Personal dysfunction
- Violation of norms
Hippocrates said that psychological functioning resulted from disturbances of bodily fluids aka _________
humours
Methodism regarded mental illness as a disorder that resulted either from a constriction of body tissue or from a relaxation of those tissues due to exhaustion. What was the primary site of this affliction?
the head
How has our thinking about abnormal behaviour changed historically?
For much of history, abnormal behaviour was thought to be a result of supernatural causes and bodily disturbances.
Defining abnormal behaviour strayed away from such ideas and moved towards more caring, scientific, and naturalistic causes
Mental hygiene movement
Desire to protect and provide human treatment for the mentally ill
Characteristics of strong diagnostic systems
Reliability and validity
Reliability
A measure produces similar results under consistent conditions
Inter-rater reliability
The extent to which two clinicians agree on the diagnosis of a particular patient
Validity
Whether a diagnostic category is able to predict disorders accurately
Concurrent validity
Ability of a diagnostic category to estimate an individual’s present standing on factors related to the disorder
Predictive validity
Ability of a test to predict the future course of an individual’s development
__________ Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime
one out of five
Mental disorders represent the second leading cause of disability and premature death in Canada
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
_________ is now the leading cause of disability worldwide
Depression
Who’s efforts led to an interest in classification that lives on in the current versions of DSM-V?
Emil Kraepelin
