Material Properties

Question 1

Examples of working characteristics (physical properties) (11)

Answer 1

• Tensile strength
• Toughness
• Plasticity
• Malleability
• Shearing strength
• Bending strength
• Elasticity
• Hardness
• Compressive strength
• Torsional strength
• Ductility

Question 2

Tensile strength

Answer 2

The ability to resist stretching and pulling forces (tension)

Question 3

Toughness

Answer 3

The ability to absorb impact without fracture

Question 4

Plasticity

Answer 4

The ability to be permanently deformed and retain the deformed shape

Question 5

Malleability

Answer 5

The ability to withstand deformation by compression without cracking

Question 6

Shearing strength

Answer 6

The ability to resist forces on a parallel plane

Question 7

Bending strength

Answer 7

The ability to resist the forces that may bend the material

Question 8

Elasticity

Answer 8

The ability to be deformed and then return to the original shape when force is removed

Question 9

Hardness

Answer 9

The ability to resist abrasive wear such as scratching, surface indentation or cutting

Question 10

Compressive strength

Answer 10

The ability to withstand being crushed or shortened by pushing forces (compression)

Question 11

Torsional strength

Answer 11

The ability to withstand twisting forces from applied torque or torsion

Question 12

Ductility

Answer 12

The ability to be drawn out under tension reducing the cross-sectional area without cracking

Question 13

Variables of methods for investing and testing materials (7)

Answer 13

• Size of material sample being tested
• Environmental conditions
• Testing equipment
• Force applied
• Method of force application
• Position of force application
• Individual taking measurements

Question 14

Toughness testing (3)

Answer 14

• This test establishes how much impact force the material can absorb
• Materials are clamped into a vice and each sample then hit with the same force, using a hammer
• Tough materials will absorb the force but brittle materials may bend or even shatter

Question 15

Tensile testing (3)

Answer 15

• Is tested by clamping material samples of the same length and thickness into a vice and applying a load force such as weights to the unclamped end
• shows how the material deflects under load and/or how much load each material can bear with the least deflection
• The less deflection the more tensile strength the material has

Question 16

Hardness testing (3)

Answer 16

• A fully supported material with a dot punch placed onto the material surface
• The dot punch is then hit with the hammer using the same force for each material sample
• The smaller the indent the harder the material

Question 17

Malleability and ductility testing (2)

Answer 17

• Test piece is secured in a vice and is then bent to 90°
• Cracks or surface damage on the inside of the bend indicates lack of malleability

Question 18

Corrosion testing (3)

Answer 18

• Determines the rate of corrosion for a material when exposed to environmental effect such as rain or sun
• Material samples are placed outside to be exposed to the weather and left for a certain length of time
• Visually inspected surface corrosion

Question 19

Electrical Conductivity testing (3)

Answer 19

• mark a set distance between two ends of the material sample
• the distance is the probe for each probe of the multimeter
• place the probes on the distance marks and get the resistance on the multimeter the higher the resistance the lower the conductivity

Question 20

Thermal conductivity testing (4)

Answer 20

• Measure a set distance from one end of the material on which to place the thermometer
• A Bunsen burner is then lit on the end of the material
• Record the time it takes to reach the set point at the other end of the sample
• the shorter the time it takes to reach the set temperature, the higher the thermal conductivity