Circulatory System

Question 1

What is systole

Answer 1

Period of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle contracts and blood is pumped out of the chambers

Question 2

What is Diastole?

Answer 2

Period of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle relaxes and blood fills the chambers

Question 3

What is systolic pressure (sp)?

Answer 3

Maximum arterial pressure reached during peak ventricular ejection

Question 4

What is diastolic pressure (dp)?

Answer 4

The minimum arterial pressure just before ventricular ejection begins

Question 5

What is pulse pressure (pp)?

Answer 5

PP is the difference between SP and DP

Question 6

What is Mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

Answer 6

The average pressure in the cardiac cycle (FP+1/3PP) or (2/3DP+1/3SP)

Question 7

What is microcirculation?

Answer 7

The transfer of substances between the blood and the tissues.
Lines with only one layer of endothelial cells.
The inner size has the width only a single red blood cell can pass through.

Question 8

What determines the volume of blood in capillaries?

Answer 8

Capillaries do not have smooth muscle, but contraction/relaxation of circular smooth muscle in upstream metarterioles and precapillary sphincters (in response to metabolic factors) determine the volume of blood each capillary receives.
Dynamic changes is vasodilation/vasorestriction in the arterioles regulate downstream pressures and flow rates.