Miscellaneous

Question 1

Chvostek’s sign indicated….

Answer 1

Hypocalcaemia

Chvostek’s sign = facial spasms in response to tapping in front of the tragus

Question 2

Classic symptoms of hypercalcaemia

Answer 2

Constipation
Polyuria
Low mood

Question 3

A 3 1/2 year old boy with learning difficulties is brought to the GP for his routine immunizations. He has seen the GP a few times previously for constipation, but is otherwise generally healthy and takes no medicines.

On inspection, the boy has a prominent skin fold across his upper eyelid, one line across his palm and a big gap between his first and second toes. There are white dots visible at the edge of his irises.

Which of the following conditions is this child at increased risk of developing, compared to the general population?

Answer 3

Has Down’s Syndrome

Trisomy C/S 21

At risk of:

• Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
• Alzheimer’s Disease

Question 4

A person with a c/s 3 mutation is at risk of developing which malignancies?

Answer 4

C/3 mut = Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome

At risk of:

• Renal Cell Carcinomas (Bilateral)
• Pheochromocytomas

Question 5

J Wave ECG

Answer 5

Hypothermia

Question 6

Omeprazole can interfere with levels of a) and b)

Answer 6

a) methotrexate

b) clopidogrel

Question 7

Causes of macrocytosis (macrocytic anaemia)

Answer 7

Chronic alcoholism 
Chronic Liver Disease
B12 deficiency 
Folic acid deficiency 
Hypothyroidism

Question 8

Finger clubbing is seen in…

Answer 8

LUNG CANCER

IPF
CA
Crohn’s
Liver failure

Other chronic lung/ heart diseases/ liver failure

Question 9

Neutrophilia

Causes

Answer 9

High neutrophil count

Response to:

• infection, inflammation, trauma
• Appendicitis, MI, bacteria
• CML: proliferation of neutrophils

Question 10

Neutropenia

Causes

Answer 10

Low neutrophil count

Result of:

• immunosuppression
• cancer
• AIDs

Question 11

pANCA antibodies indicate

Answer 11

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Question 12

cANCA antibodies + cavitating lesions indicate

Presentations?

Answer 12

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis aka Wegner’s

• coughing blood
• cavitating lesions
• haematuria
• proteinuria

Lung and Kidneys

Question 13

Bechet’s disease

Answer 13

recurrent oral ulcers

genital ulcers