Module 9

Question 1

how is conflict a basic cause of undernutrition

Answer 1

leads to displacement (underlying)where there is not WASH, which leads to inadequate dietary intake/infection (immediate)

Question 2

evaluate causes/consequences of undernutrition in DRC, compare to other regions

Answer 2

causes: conflict –> displacement.
- outbreak Ebola, response hindered due to violence against health workers
- COVID
- measles
- poor agriculture yields

consequences
- stunting, wasting, infection

Question 3

how can we help reduce conflict and undernutrition in DRC

Answer 3

“forgotten war” needs to end
ongoing war in the DRC, going on for a while and in a lot of countries outside of the DRC it is likely often not thought about.

-donating to organizations that bring food/health services into the DRC
- elect governments that promise to take action to encourage peacekeeping in the region, aid, and refugee services.
- raising awareness of the issue
- Pressure the Canadian govt. to live up to it’s UN commitments to the Blue Helmets (UN group that de-escalates conflict). recently, number of Canadians workng on UN missions are at all time low
• UN targets for spending on foreign aid: 0.7% gross national income
○ In 2019, Canada spent only 0.28% (= 1.8% of federal budget), ends up being $170/Canadian for all forms of foreign aid)
§ = 6.4 billion

as consumers, be mindful what we are purchasing
there are “conflict materials” which are mined in conditions of armed conflict, in DRC

Question 4

what is known about climate change and patterns of changes in temp

Answer 4

notable increases in temp in past 40 years

• 19 of 20 warmest years occurred since 2000
• uneven throughout world
• increased temp greater at high latitudes, over land, in continental interiors
• more frequent climate events

Question 5

what is “sustainable diet”, should dietary guidance prioritze?

Answer 5

• reduces GHG, benefit health
• key in mitigating climate change
• low enviro impact, nutritionally adequate, safe/healthy, culturally acceptable, affordable/accessible

Question 6

should we eat meat?

Answer 6

• meat production is inefficient use land/water, drives deforestation
• livestock responsible for significant proportion GHG emissions
• overconsumption has negative health impact

BUT, in moderation, good source of protein, heme iron, zinc, B12
and livestock provide livelihood/food security for 1 billion worldwide

so..
we should eat less meat globally. global per capita meat consumption is above healthy levels, critically so in developed countries.