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9th Grade History Final Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Results of the Crusades

A
  1. Military failure
  2. Catapults and crossbow
  3. Kings power increased
  4. Church gained political power
  5. Women’s status improved
  6. Revitalization of trade
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2
Q

Results of 100 years war

A
  1. Supremacy of longbow over mounted knight
  2. Strengthens English patriotism and French monarchy
  3. England loses remaining land on continent
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3
Q

Importance of Roman Law

A
  1. All person had right to equal treatment under the law
  2. Person innocent until proven guilty
  3. Burden of proof rested with the accuser
  4. punished only for actions not thoughts
  5. Only reasonable laws
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4
Q

Principles of the Magna Carta

A
  1. Taxation only with representation
  2. Right to trial
  3. Limits to the Kings authority
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5
Q

Roman Reforms

A
  1. Citizenship to many people in the provinces
  2. Expanded the senate
  3. Created jobs through the construction of public buildings
  4. Began colonies so others could own property
  5. Increased pay for soldiers
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6
Q

Steps in Knighthood

A
  1. Page at age 7
  2. Squire at age 15
  3. Knight at age 21
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7
Q

Persecution of Christians

A

Problem - they refused to worship the emperor

Martyrs - people willing to sacrifice their lives for the sake of a belief or a cause

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8
Q

Reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire

A

Economy weakens - disrupted trade, high taxes, lacked gold and silver, inflation

Military and political turmoil - soldiers less disciplined and less loyal

Empire was too big for one person to deal with

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9
Q

Reasons for Byzantine Survival

A
  1. Solid sound economy
  2. Profitable trade with China, Persia, Europe, India, North Africa, Scandinavia
  3. Assimilation on non Roman people and cultures
  4. Law and Order
  5. Moral virtues
  6. Defensible
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10
Q

Growth of Christianity

A
  1. Embrace all people - men/women, slaves, poor/noble
  2. Gave hope to the powerless
  3. Appealed to those who were repelled by the extravagance of imperial Rome
  4. Offered an personal relationship with a loving God
  5. Promised eternal life
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11
Q

Limited monarchy

A

A government that is limited by laws

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12
Q

Absolute monarchy

A

A government where the monarch has supreme power and is not restricted by written laws.

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13
Q

Punic Wars

A

War with Carthage
First war - for control of Sicily and Western Mediterranean
Second war - surprise attack led by Hannibal, but could not capture Rome
Third war - Carthage besieged and lost

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14
Q

Result of Punic Wars

A

Gave Rome control of the western Mediterranean world

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15
Q

Results of the Norman Conquest

A
  1. Strong monarchy
  2. Census of England
  3. Organized local governments
  4. Redistribution of land to French barons
  5. Close working relationship with pope/church
  6. French culture influence
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16
Q

Norman Conquest

A

William, Duke of Normandy invades England in 1066 and gains control of English lands at the Battle of Hastings

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17
Q

Codex Justinian

A

5000 laws of Rome which applied to Byzantine

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18
Q

Great Schism

A

A split within the Catholic Church. Three men claimed to be pope at the same time.

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19
Q

Hundred Years War

A

Dispute over the next King of France

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20
Q

Battle of Tours

A

Led by Charles Martel in 732 to drive out the Muslims

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21
Q

The Crusades

A

A series of religious wars supported by the church to recover the Holy Land from Islamic Rule. Starting in 1095.

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22
Q

Pantheon

A

Roman temple

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23
Q

Koran

A

Muslim Holy Book

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24
Q

Monarchy

A

A government that is ruled by a king

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25
Manorialism
A system where the peasants are dependent on the and land and the lord
26
Patriarch
Male head of the family
27
Scholaticism
Curriculum taught in European universities - Greek, philosophy, Roman Catholic doctrine
28
Pax Romana
200 years of relative peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire
29
Edict of Milan
Legalized Christianity
30
Epic poetry
Long story
31
Latin
The language of Rome
32
Fief
Portion of land
33
Manor
The lords house
34
Pope
Means father. The leader of the Catholic Church.
35
Spanish Inquisition
Fanatical, zealous guardian of Roman Catholicism
36
Guilds
Organization to protect and regulate their industry
37
Lyric poetry
Musical poem
38
Republic
A form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders.
39
Vassal
Recipient of land, owes allegiance to the lord
40
Reconquesta
Small Roman Catholic kingdoms in the Iberian peninsula unite to drive out the Muslims.
41
Babylonian Captivity
The French monarchy controls the papacy. The pope resides in France.
42
Inquisition
The Catholic Church uses any means to drive out heresy.
43
Humanism
Cultural movement that turned away from medieval Scholaticism and renewed interest in Greek and Roman thought.
44
Plebeians
Commoners in Ancient Rome
45
Apprentice system
Work 2-7 years with no pay to learn a trade
46
Catacombs
Underground burial places
47
Empire
An extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme ruler
48
Feudalism
Based on land ownership. There were mutual obligations between the lord and the vassal.
49
Icon
A religious work of art.
50
Patrician
Nobleman
51
Excommunication
Removed from the Catholic Church
52
Chivalry
Code of conduct 1. Fight bravely 2. Loyal to lord 3. Treat other knights with respect 4. Respect for women and children 5. Honor and respect for church
53
Black Death
Swept all through Europe because of bad sanitation practices.
54
Castles
A home and also used for defense.
55
Charter
Like a modern day will, recorded property rights and grants
56
Peace of God
Denied sacraments to particular lawbreakers
57
Truce of God
Suspended fighting on holy days
58
Heresy
A belief or opinion contrary to Christian doctrine
59
Triumvirate
Political alliance between three powerful parties
60
Monasticism
Renounce worldly ways of life. Friars - traveling teaching monks Dominicans - Inquisition Franciscans - vows of poverty
61
Donation of Pepin
Pepin gives land to the pope

History (1 decks)

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