A Flashcards
(14 cards)
B: Contributing factors
2:extrinsic factor
A. -
Diet related
physical factors: unrefined(natural) food less caries.
local factor: diet content of carbohydrates, calcium, fluoride, and vitamins
Contributing factors
Extrinsic factor
Saliva related
composition increases ammonia decreases caries
Ph: normal (6.2-7.6) or alkaline Ph is better Quantity: Xerostomia increases caries Viscosity: increases caries.
Role of saliva in caries production
Formation of pellicle from salivary glycoproteins.
Washing effect
Buffering action: via bicarbonates & phosphates.
Antibodies content: IgA(immunoglubilin A)
Other antibacterial substances : lysozyme ,peroxidase and lactorferrin.
Role of Dental plaque
Def: is a biofilm of bacteria embedded in an extracellular
polysaccharide matrix.
Clinically:
1-adherent deposit on the teeth
2-visible, on the labial surfaces of the incisors, when no tooth brushing for 12–24 hours.
Function: concentration of acid and bacteria over tooth surface especially smooth surfaces.
Role of bacteria
Functions: utilizes carbohydrates in the formation of acid that decalcifies tooth structure and polymerizes monosaccharides to form the dense plaque matrix.
•
Types: many types of bacteria got isolated but
- - -
-
mutans is the most important in
early enamel caries specially in smooth surface caries
Strept.coccus
initiation
of
that requires plaque.
Lactobacilli in Strep.sanguis
Actinomyces
progression.
,
salivaries
in root surface caries.
and mitis
in pit and fissures.
Clinical presentation
1
A
-
according to site of the attack:
-
1.pit and fissure caries:
2.Smooth surface caries
3-root surface caries
pit and fissure caries:
Early caries Undermined enamel :
brown and probe sticks
at borders are bluish white fractures under stress due to the lateral spread of caries along the amelodentinal junction.(hidden or occult caries)
Smooth surface caries:
In the early stages
chalky white spots do not catch a probe.
then got yellowish pigment with progression.
root surface caries:
Saucer shape with ill-defined borders.
According to rate of attack:
a-slowly progressive(chronic caries): b- Rampant (acute caries):
b- Rampant (acute caries):
rapidly progressive
-involve many or all of the teeth with early pulp involvement.
b- Rampant (acute caries):
Nursing bottle caries:
Def : rampant caries affecting deciduous teeth in babies due to prolonged use of milk after eruption.
Mostly affect maxillary incisors followed by molars.
NURSING CARIES
■Seen in infant and toddler
■Affects primary dentition
■Mandibular incisors are not involved
ETIOLOGY
■Improper bottle feeding
■Pacifier dipped in honey/other sweetner
NURSING CARIES
■Seen in infant and toddler
■Affects primary dentition
■Mandibular incisors are not involved
ETIOLOGY
■Improper bottle feeding
■Pacifier dipped in honey/other sweetner
