a-6 Flashcards
Levels of service
Unaudited financial statements. Preparation (no assurance, no independence). Compilation (no assurance, independence required or disclose lack of). Review (limited assurance, independence required)
Preparation
Prepare financial statements in accordance with a specific financial reporting framework
Compilation
Present information in the form of financial statements that is the representation of management. Report required (attestation)
Review
Expressing limited assurance that no material modifications that should be made to the financial statements to conform with the applicable financial reporting framework. (inquiries and analytical procedures)
SSARS
Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services. Applicable for accounting, not audits
Type 1 subsequent event
Require an adjusting journal entry to the financial statements
Type 2 subsequent event
Events that did not exist prior to the year end date but need to be disclosed
What standards are applicable for a compilation of a nonissuer?
SSARS
Preparation engagements should be performed in accordance with
SSARS
U LIAR CPA
review requirements
UNDERSTANDING with the client should established (through engagement letter)
LEARN and/ or obtain sufficient knowledge of the entity’s business
INQUIRIES should be addressed to appropriate individuals
ANALYTICAL procedures should be performed
REVIEW other procedures that should be performed
CLIENT representation letter
PROFESSIONAL judgment should be used to evaluate results
ACCOUNTANT should communicate results
Consider
Used when the member is required to think about several matters
Evaluate
Used when the member must asses and weigh the significance of a matter
Determine
Used when the member has to come to a conclusion and make a decision on a matter
Direct Financial interest
Ownership interests held directly in a client: stock ownership, partner when the member is a general partner, financial interest in a trust
Indirect Financial Interest
Involves a removed relationship where a member owns: shares in a mutual fund that invests heavily in an attest client, direct interest in company a and company a has direct interest in client
When can you disclose information without client permission?
- to comply with validly issues subpoena or summons
- as part of a quality review of the members professional practices authorized by the AICPA
- In response to any inquiry made by the ethics division or trial board of the AICPA
- For legal defense against a lawsuit filed by a client
Contingent fees are permitted when
- fees are fixed by a court or a judicial proceeding
- fees are mandated by a law and legislation
The conceptual framework approach
- Identify threats to compliance with the fundamental principles (seven threats)
- Evaluate the significance of each identified threat
- Apply safeguards to eliminate threats or reduce threats to an acceptable level
Threats to Compliance with the Fundamental Principles
- Adverse interest threat (litigation)
- Advocacy threat
- Familiarity threat
- Management participation
- Self-interest threat
- Self-review threat
- Undue influence
Cool off period
The audit form cannot have the employed the issuers CEO, CFO, Controller etc for a 1 year period preceding the audit
The PCAOB consists of
2 CPA’s and 3 non CPA’s