A Flashcards
(141 cards)
1
Q
abacterial
A
indicates that something has no presence of bacteria
2
Q
abattoir
A
a location in which animals are slaughtered
3
Q
abaxial
A
term that refers to something in particular being found away from the center of the body or the body part in question
4
Q
abdomen
A
contains the stomach, intestines, bladder, liver and other vital organs
5
Q
abdominal breathing
A
an irregular type of breathing that uses the muscles in the wall of the abdomen to move air into the lungs and pump it back out; not normal and is normally the indicator of some type of respiratory condition or infection
6
Q
abdominal cavity
A
space in abdomen that holds the major digestive organs; normally referred to as the area between the diaphragm and the pelvis; also referred to as the peritoneal cavity
7
Q
abdominal effusion
A
condition in which fluid collects around vital organs located inside abdomen; normally side effect of a more serious condition, like liver disease or heart disease; certain bacterial infections can also cause build-up of such fluid
8
Q
abdominocentesis
A
procedure in which a needle is inserted into the abdomen of the animal to remove fluid; used to make a diagnosis of some sort in a sick animal
9
Q
abduct
A
opposite of adduct; refers to the movement of something away from the animal’s midsection
10
Q
abiotropohy
A
refers to the loss of use of an organ in particular; this is a progressive condition and is inheritable; may occur in an organ, tissue, or even nervous system
11
Q
ablactate
A
to take off the teat or to stop from nursing; to wean an animal off of its mother’s milk
12
Q
ablate
A
is to completely take something out of something else; ablation refers to removal of a particular body part by cutting it out
13
Q
abomasopexy
A
surgical procedure of attaching the fourth stomach (abomasums) compartment to the abdominal wall
14
Q
abomasums
A
in animals, the fourth of several stomach compartments; also referred to as the true or real stomach
15
Q
aboral
A
used to describe a direction; away from or outside an animal’s mouth
16
Q
abortive
A
fails to work properly; unfruitful; in vet medicine, used to describe an animal that is barren or unable to successfully reproduce
17
Q
abrasion
A
an injury that has occurred in which one or more of the topmost layers of skin are scraped away
18
Q
abscess
A
a localized infection, usually a lesion filled with pus
19
Q
absolute age
A
in vet medicine, refers to an animal’s actual age in calendar years rather than the age pertaining to their development
20
Q
absorption
A
in vet medicine, the joining of already digested nutrients with the circulatory system; is how an animal’s body makes use of nutrients from food
21
Q
abundance
A
the number of animals per unit area; ex: five horses per square acre
22
Q
acariasis
A
refers to the condition of being overrun with parasites
23
Q
acaricide
A
any substance known to kill certain parasites; may be found in form of a paste, liquid or powder
24
Q
acarine
A
a mite or a tick
25
acclimate
to become accustomed to new actions, surroundings, environment, or companions
26
acclimatization
the act of helping an animal adjust to something or some place foreign to them
27
accommodation
a process, that of adjusting the eye to see objects at a variety of distances
28
accuracy of selection
refers to the difference between what an animal's breeding value was estimated to be and its actual breeding value
29
acetabelum
socket that holds the head of the femur, found in the pelvis of a given animal
30
acetic acid
chemically described as CH3COOOH; vet context, used in fermentation of lactic acid and a necessary component of taste in certain dairy products
31
acetic fermentation
process of turning ethyl alcohol in to acetic acid with the use of fermenting bacteria
32
acetone
created from fermentation of sugar and starch; can be found in urine of diabetic animal, breath of certain lactating animals, and in blood; when found in lactating animals, indicates a deficiency, usually of carbohydrates resulting from an inability to properly oxidize fat in feed
33
acetonemia
involves large amounts of acetone in the blood; also referred to as: milk fever, acidosis, acetenouria, pregnancy disease ( in ewes)
34
achalasia
refers to difficulty or lack of ability to release smooth muscle in the digestive system, found in the GI tract
35
achondroplasia
refers to changes undergone by the skeletal system during development of fetus; has ability to be inherited genetically
36
acidified silage
silage that is preserved with help of certain types of acid, including sulfuric or hydrochloric, some combination of sulfuric and hydrochloric, or commercial phosphoric acid
37
acidophilus
term used to describe an organism that tends to thrive in an acidic environment, such as soil rich in acid
38
acidosis
condition of the body in which pH levels are abnormally low
39
acoustic
refers to the sound properties of a given item
40
acquired character
changes that the character of a particular animal has gone through, whether that be physiological or otherwise; may be due to environment that they live in
41
acromegaly
issue caused by excessive growth hormones in which extremities become larger in size
42
acromion
outer edge of scapula; this is where the collar bone is attached to the animal's body
43
acrosome
refers to the small cap that covers the head of sperm
44
active agent
also referred to as active ingredient; term used to describe ingredient in a chemical that poses a toxic threat to a particular animal
45
actual analysis
compiling of materials using a chemical analysis generated in a laboratory rather than a generalized analysis
46
actual use
used to refer to the amount of area used by certain animals
47
acuity
property of being sharp; in vet medicine, usually refers to quality of an animal's vision
48
acute toxicity
potential that something, usually a medicine or substance, has to injure or cause illness in an animal when given as one dose or as multiple doses in the span of one day or less than one day
49
adaptability
potential that an animal or organism has to change their bodies or lifestyles to suit their surroundings or environment
50
addled egg
result of the mixing of an egg's yolk with the egg white; may also be referred to as a rotten egg, and cannot be eaten
51
adduction
to move inward or toward the midsection of the animal
52
adenocarcinoma
result of a malignant growth of the tissue of the epithelial gland
53
adenohypophysis
rearmost pituitary gland; the only area of the pituitary gland that is functional
54
adhesion
fibers that bond items together that would not normally be combined
55
adjusted weaning weight (adjusted 205-day weight)
weight of a young animal at the time of weaning; is adjusted to the standard for 205 days old as well as the age of the dam itself
56
adjusted yearling weight (adjusted 365-day weight)
weight of a yearling after adjustments for the age of the dam and adjusted to a standard 365 days old
57
adnexa
the structures of any given organ
58
aerogun
term used to refer to bacteria with the ability to produce certain types of gas
59
aerophobia
act of swallowing air
60
afebrile
state, usually of illness, in which the subject is free of illness
61
afferent
carrying toward; usually refers to nerves in the nervous system that carry certain impulses
62
agalactia
condition in which an animal fails to nurse after birth of the offspring due to lack of secretion of milk; condition often found in female horses
63
aged horse
term used to describe a horse over the age of eight years old; often used to refer to a horse over the age of 12 years old
64
agglutination
grouping together of certain cells, molecules, or particles into one area or clump
65
agglutinins
a) antibodies that are created as an animal's natural response to an infection or the presence of strange microorganisms; b) any substance or antibody that causes certain organisms to clump together
66
agonal breathing
breathing that occurs when an animal is near death or suffering from severe pain
67
agonist
any substance that causes a certain effect by attaching itself to the right receptor
68
agonistic
in vet terms, an animal whose behavior indicated offensive/defensive activities
69
agoraphobia
term for a fear of wide open spaces; in vet terms, refers to animals who are kept stabled or in stalls for an extended period of time
70
agouti
a type of coat pattern in which the fur is darker toward the root and becomes gradually lighter near the tip
71
agarian
anything pertaining to or relating to the agriculture industry
72
aids
used in equine industry; indicates the methods by which a rider communicates with his horse
73
albidus
term that indicates something being white in color
74
alcohol test
test performed in which milk and ethyl alcohol are combined to detect milk with abnormal properties; while normal milk should not cling to the tube, abnormal milk tends to cling to the glass
75
alcohol-alizarin test
test performed in which alcohol and alizarin are combined with milk; if sln turns reddish, indicate presence of normal milk; if turns yellowish or brown, indication of sour or rotten milk; if turns purple or violet in color indicates presence of mastitis milk
76
alimentary tract
refers to the system in the body that deals with the processing of food and nutrients in between the mouth and the anus
77
allantois
layer of placenta closest to the inside
78
allogamy
process of cross-fertilization
79
allopolyploid
used to refer to a polyploidy that contains chromosomes that are different from one another, as in from more than two species
80
allosomes
used to refer to a type of chromosome that is different in one reason or another, either by a discrepancy in behavior, shape, or size
81
allotment
in agricultural industry, term used to refer to an area that is designated for use by a certain number of cows or sheep or for use by both types of animals
82
alteration of generations
a theory of reproduction in which certain characteristics are only found in every other generation
83
alternate host
an organism in which a parasite or organism inhabits for only a certain part of its life cycle
84
amasesis
term used to refer to an animal without the ability to chew
85
amble
type of gait that is slower or broken up in cadence; usually lateral
86
ambler
term used to refer to a type of horse who paces; usually refers to sporting horses
87
amblotic
term used to refer to a substance, organism, or disease that has the potential to cause abortion in animals
88
amblyopia
condition in which loss of sight occurs without being attributed to any particular disease or medical condition
89
amitosis
condition of the body that occurs when an excess amount of amino acids is taken in
90
amotus
term that refers to the hind toe in certain species of birds; not one of the digits that touches the ground when the bird is standing
91
amphoteric
property of having the ability to react as an acid, base, or casein
92
amylase
term used to refer to a certain enzyme that pancreas creates to help in the digestion of certain starches
93
amylopsin
enzyme created by pancreas to break sugars down into starch
94
anabiosis
act of reviving a living thing after it has died or appeared to have died
95
analogous
in vet medicine, term used to refer to structures that are anatomically different but perform functions that are somewhat the same in nature
96
anaplasia
any change in the way that cells are arranged and structured in relation to one another
97
anastomosis
a surgical procedure in which two hollow tubes or structures are surgically connected
98
androgensis
theory of development of any offspring that lacks material chromosomes
99
androgynized cow
term used to refer to a cow that has undergone testosterone therapy
100
anechoic
term used to refer to an ultrasonic wave that is transmitted into tissue without it being reflected back
101
anestrous
the period in which an animal is not inclined to mate or breed; any time in which a female animal does not cycle
102
angiorrhaphy
suturing of a blood vessel
103
angora
term used to refer to longer fur, usually found on cats or rabbits
104
anhydrosis
term used to refer to a state in an animal in which it cannot sweat
105
anisocora
medical condition in which pupils of both eyes are differently sized
106
anisocytosis
condition in which cells are unequal
107
ankylosis
condition in which a joint is unable to move, usually due to some type of illness or medical procedure
108
anophthalmos
lacking the development of one or two eyes
109
antebrachium
area of front legs that is found between the elbow and carpal joints
110
antepartumtion of the body
term used to refer to the time before a fever sets in
111
anterior presentation
refers to the normal position of an animal during birth, with the feet and head set to come out first
112
anthelmintic
usually used in vet medicine to refer to certain drugs that are designed to combat intestinal worms in animals
113
antibiosis
relationship between two organisms in which one of the organisms causes harm to or kills the other
114
antrum
empty space inside any hollow organ or bodily structure
115
aphakia
absence of a lens
116
aphtha
small sac inside the udder, between the toes, or inside the mouth of certain animals
117
Apia matter
third layer of the meninges
118
apterium
term used to refer to an area on a bird that lacks feathers
119
apterous
lacking wings
120
arthrodesis
a surgical procedure in which vertebrae in the spine or a joint is surgically fused
121
arthrodynia
term used to refer to pain in the joints
122
arthrogram
recording of the examination of a joint after dye has been injected to detect contrasts for some medical purpose
123
arthropod
animal belonging to the phylum Arthropoda; characterized by an external skeleton and jointed legs
124
artiodactyla
zoological term used to refer to a certain order of mammals; include animals with hooves and an even number of toes
125
asper
term used to indicate raspy or rough
126
assay
type of test used to count the number of organisms in a particular sample
127
astomous
without a mouth
128
astringent
any drug that is known to cause tissues to contract, such as tannic acid, zinc oxide, or zinc sulfate
129
astrocytoma
tumor of the head that is made up astrocyte (star-shaped) cells
130
atavism
re-emergence of a disease or a certain characteristic after it has skipped one or more generations
131
atlas
number one cervical vertebrae
132
atonic
lacking control of muscles
133
atopy
form of hypersensitivity or allergy in certain animals
134
atresia
absence of a body opening that would normally be there; absence of a certain organ that is tubular in structure
135
attaint
wound that can be found on the leg of a horse; can be attributed to damage caused by a horse's own hooves
136
attenuate
to wear down or reduce; to dilute or make thinner
137
aubin
term used to describe a strange gait in a horse; slower than normal but may resemble a gallop
138
average daily gain (adg)
process of calculating an animal's weight after weaning by dividing the number of pounds gained by the number of days they have been on actual feed
139
axenic
term used to indicate that something is free of germs
140
azotemia
condition of having urea and other nitrogenous elements in an animal's blood
141
azoturia
condition of having excessive amts of urea or other nitrogenous compounds in the urine
