A Aand P Ch 20 Acid Base Balance

Question 1

Most important homeostatic mechanisms

Answer 1

Acid base balance

Question 2

What does pH mean

Answer 2

Power of hydrogen in a solution

Question 3

WHat does pH measure

Answer 3

The acid or base character of a solution

Question 4

What is the pH or pure water

Answer 4

7. 7. = neutral. Less than 7 is acidic

Question 5

Acidic substances

Answer 5

Lemon juice. Vinegar. Hydrochloric acid (stomach acid)

Question 6

Acid in Latin

Answer 6

Sour

Question 7

Which substance in the body has the lowest pH

Answer 7

The stomach

Question 8

Which substance has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions

Answer 8

Lemon juice has a very high concentration hydrogen ions

Question 9

pH is represented on a scale from 0 to 14 what is neutral on the scale?

Answer 9

7. Less than 7 is acidic more than 7 is basic

Question 10

The higher the pH the fewer the

Answer 10

Hydrogen ions

Question 11

Which feels slippery like soap acid or base

Answer 11

Base

Question 12

Buffer can be either or

Answer 12

Acid or alkaline

Question 13

HCO3 represents

Answer 13

Bicarbonate (buffer)- basic solution
Will buffer acid-weaken the acidity

Question 14

pH of normal arterial blood

Answer 14

7.45

Question 15

Normal pH of venous blood

Answer 15

7.35

Question 16

Normal pH range of human blood

Answer 16

7.35 to 7.45
Balance is achieved when pH is in this range

Question 17

What is bodies mechanism for self regulation of pH. (2 ways)

Answer 17

Respiratory mechanism (quick response)
Urinary mechanism (can help with regulating in 24 hours)

Question 18

Whai is Acidosis and alkalosis

Answer 18

PH inbalances

Question 19

Acid base or pH imbalance depends on

Answer 19

How much carbonic acid (weak solution) H2CO3 in blood
How much sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in the blood
Body regulates both through homeostatic buffer system

Question 20

Sodium bicarbonate is regulated by (NaHCO3)

Answer 20

Kidneys

Question 21

Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is regulated by

Answer 21

Lungs

Question 22

What do the lungs Exhale and how much

Answer 22

Carbon Dioxide, eliminating carbonic acid from venous blood
30L daily

Question 23

What will eventually happen With a significant decrease in breathing

Answer 23

Acidosis

Question 24

What will eventually happened with an excessive increase in breathing

Answer 24

Alkalosis

Question 25

Most effective regulator of pH

Answer 25

Kidneys

Question 26

How does urine become acidic

Answer 26

Kidneys secrete hydrogen ions and ammonia NH3 from blood and into urine Reabsorbs sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) into blood

Question 27

More acids than bases usually enter blood causing the kidneys to

Answer 27

Excrete more acids than bases

Question 28

Ratio of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) to carbonic acid (H2CO3)

Answer 28

20:1

Question 29

If buffering increases amt of carbonic acid in blood, what happens to sodium bicarbonate

Answer 29

It’s amt decreases in the blood

Question 30

If hydrogen concentration of blood increases slightly, than blood pH in blood does what

Answer 30

PH decreases (acidic), than buffering system kicks i

Question 31

Which buffer system is fast

Answer 31

Respitory

Question 32

Slowest buffering system

Answer 32

Renal/kidney

Question 33

If Respiratory mechanism fails, then

Answer 33

The more powerful, but, slower renal mechanism kicks in

Question 34

What is Respitory mechanism of pH control

Answer 34

Respiration remove some CO2 from blood

Question 35

Bl flows thru lung capillaries and amt of carbonic acid is decreased therefore hydrogen concentration

Answer 35

Is decreased

Question 36

Do kidneys regulate carbonic acid

Answer 36

No carbonic acid is regulated by lungs

Question 37

Metabolic and respiratory IMBALANCES are

Answer 37

PH imbalances causing 20:1 ratio to be disturbed

Question 38

Metabolic disturbances affect bl levels of

Answer 38

sodium bicarbonate

Question 39

Respitory disturbances affect bl levels of

Answer 39

Carbonic acid

Question 40

Metabolic pH imbalance of Metabolic acidosis is too little

Answer 40

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 41

Metabolic imbalance Metabolic alkalosis is too much (complication of severe vomiting)

Answer 41

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 42

Respitory alkalosis is deficit of

Answer 42

Carbonic acid

Question 43

Respitory acidosis is too much

Answer 43

Carbonic acid

Question 44

AnExample of a Respitory disturbance

Answer 44

Hyperventilation=Deficit of carbonic acid Caused by excessive loss of CO2 in expired air 

Question 45

In acidosis or alkalosis the various pH mechanisms try to restore balance

Answer 45

As soon as possible because Compensation is clinically important You can have a serious ongoing medical condition while having what appears to be a normal pH

Question 46

Uncompensated metabolic acidosis changes

Answer 46

The normal ratio of 20 to 1

Question 47

In Compensated metabolic acidosis The ratio of Sodium bicarbonate to carbonic acid Remains close to 20 to 1, what changes is

Answer 47

The TOTAL amount of sodium carbonic and carbonic acid