Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A & P Lab > A and P exam 2 > Flashcards

A and P exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the spinal cord begin and end?

A

MO to L1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Role of norepinephrine and acetylcholine in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

A

Parasympathetic: Acetylcholine is responsible for most of the transmissions.
Sympathetic: acetylcholine transmits until the final nerve to target organ; here is conveyed by norepinephrine most of the time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many sympathetic ganglia are cervical?

A

3 which process info from eyes, glands in the head and neck and heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many sympathetic ganglia are thoracic?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which nerve roots make up the cervical plexus? What is their function?

A

C1-C4. These nerves innervate the back of the head and some of the neck muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which nerve roots make up the brachial plexus?

A

C5-8 andT1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Axillary nerve: what are its roots and which muscles do they innervate?

A

C5-C6. Muscles: deltoid, teres minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve: what are its roots and what muscles does it innervate?

A

Roots: C5, C6, C7
Muscles: biceps, brachialis, coracobrachilais

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Median nerve: roots? muscles it innervates?

A

Roots: C5-T1
Muscles: flexors of forearm, wrist, thumb, index finger and half of ring finger, wrist, finger and thumb flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

radial nerve: roots? muscles it innervates?

A

Roots: C5-T1
Muscles: triceps, dorsiflexion of wrist, forearm and finger extensors, extensors of wrist and hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ulnar nerve: roots? muscles it innervates?

A

Roots: C8, T1
Muscles: Flexors on ulnar side of the hand and forearm, flexion of wrist and fingers on the ulnar side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do the posterior branches of the thoracic nerves innervate?

A

Muscles of the back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do the anterior branches of the thoracic nerves innervate?

A

the intercostal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which spinal roots are included in the lumbar plexus? What does it supply in general? Name two of its nerves and what muscles they innervate.

A

T12-L4
the lower abdomen
Obturator nerve here, powers the hip adductors and gracilis muscle
Femoral nerve: powers the iliopsoas and the quadriceps muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the roots for the sacral plexus? What does it provide, in general? Name three of its nerves

A

L4 through S2
In general, provides some of the innervation for the pelvic floor.
Superior and inferior gluteal nerves, sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the nerve roots for the superior gluteal nerve? the inferior gluteal nerve?

A

Superior? L4, L5, S1

Inferior? L5, S1, S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the nerve roots for Sciatic nerve? what are the areas and muscles innervated?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
Hamstrings
Tibial side: gastrocnemius/soleus, posterior tib, long toe flexors, muscles of the foot
Fibular side: peroneals, anterior tib, foor and toe extensor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name the key dermatomes and what areas they innervate

A 
C5: Deltoid area of arm
C6: thumb area
C7: middle finger
C8: ring finger
T4: across the sternum
T10: across belly button
L3: thigh area
L4: knee to inner calf
L5: top of foot
S1: top of toes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Areas of the tongue and their corresponding tastes

A

sour: lateral
Salty and sweet: anterior portion
Bitter: posterior portion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The capitellum of the humerus articulates with what?

A

the head of the radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Name the carpal bones in order left to right starting proximal

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which carpal bone does radius articulate with?

A

scaphoid and lunate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Action of the rhomboids

A

retraction and adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the muscles of the rotator cuff?

A

subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Supscapularis: origin, insertion, and action
O: Supscapular fossa of scapula I: lesser tuberosity of the humerus A: internal rotation
26
Supraspinatus: Origin, insertion and action
O: supraspinous fossa I: Greater tuberosity (humerus) A: abduction
27
Infraspinatus: Origin, insertion, and action
O: Infraspinous fossa I: greater tuberosity (humerus) A: external rotation
28
teres minor: Origin, insertion and action
O: lateral border of scapula I: greater tuberosity of humerus A; External rotation weak adduction
29
coracobrachialis: origin, insertion and action
O: coracoid process of scapula I: mid medial surface of humerus A: flexion of arm
30
What are the muscles of supination
biceps, brachioradialis
31
biceps: Origin, insertion and action
O: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula (long head), coracoid process of scapula (short head) I: radial tuberosity of radius A: flexion and supination
32
Brachialis: Origin, insertion and action
O: shaft of humerus I: Ulnar tuberosity A: flexion
33
Brachioradialis: Origin, insertion and action
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus I: Styloid process of radius A: flexion, pronation supination
34
opponens pollicis: O, I, A
O: trapezium I: 1st metacarpal A: adduction, flexion of thumb
35
Give the basic arterial schematic for the blood supply of the upper limbs
the subclavian artery gives rise to the axillary artery as it passes under the clavicle. The axillary artery turns into the brachial artery, which in turn, splits into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow joint.
36
Cephalic vs. basilic veins, which is lateral, which is medial?
cephalic is lateral, basilic is medial
37
Axillary nerve: roots? muscles innervated?
R: C5, C6 M: deltoid, teres minor
38
Musculocutaneous Nerve: Roots? muscles innervated?
R: C5, C6, C7 M: biceps, bracialis, coracobrachialis
39
Median Nerve: Roots? Muscles innervated?
R: C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 M: flexors of the forearm, wrist, thumb, index finger and half of the ring finger
40
Radial nerve: Roots? Muscles innervated?
R: C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 M: triceps, dorsiflexion (extension) of wrist, forearm and finger extensors, extensors of the wrist and hand
41
Ulnar nerve: Roots? Muscles innervated?
R: C8, T1 M: flexors on the ulnar side of the hand and forearm, flexion of the wrist and fingers on the ulnar side
42
What three types of movement happen at the hip joint?
Flexion/extension, medial/lateral rotation, abduction, adduction
43
what are the articulating surfaces for the knee joint? what movements allowed?
Patella, femur, tibia | flexion/extension
44
Ankle: what are the articulating surfaces? | Movements?
Tibia, fibula, talus, medial and lateral malleoli | dorsiflexion, plantar flexion
45
Foot: articulating surfaces? Movements?
Talus and navicular, calcaneus and cuboid, talus and calcaneus pronation, supination, inversion, eversion
46
What muscles move the hip?
``` Iliopsoas for flexion adductors for adduction gluteus maximus for extension gluteus medius for abduction gluteus minimus for abduction tensor fascia femoris for flexion and abduction ```
47
which muscles move the knee?
pes anserinus (flexion), quadriceps (extension), hamstrings (flexion)
48
Which muscles move the foot and ankle joint?
anterior tibial (dorsiflexion), gastrocnemius (plantar flexion), posterior tibial (supination, elevation of arch), peroneals (eversion, pronation)
49
iliopsoas: I, O, and action
iliacus: O- iliac fossa; I- lesser trochanter of femur psoas: O- T12 thru L5; I- lesser trochanter of femur flexion and lateral rotation at hip joint
50
adductor magnus: I, O, and action
O: ischial ramus and tuberocity I: linea aspera of femur, adductor tubercle Action, adducts (also can help in flexion and extension)
51
adductor longus: I, O action
O: superior aspect of pubis I: linea aspera of femur action: adduction and flexion at hip
52
gluteus maximus: I, O and action
O: sacrum and ilium I: upper fibers to iliotibial tract, lower fibers: gluteal tuberosity of femur extension, lateral rotation
53
gluteus minimus: I, O and action
O: ilium I: greater trochanter of femur Action: abduction, medial rotation
54
gluteus medius: I, O, and action
O: ilium I: greater trochanter of femur action: abducts hip (also some medial and lateral rotation
55
tensor facia latae and IT band: I, O, and action
O: anterior iliac crest I: iliotibial tract A: abduction, flexion
56
sartorius: I, O, and action
O: anterior superior iliac spine I: medial to tibial tuberosity A: flexion and internal rotation of knee
57
gracilis: O, I, and action
O: inferior pubic ramus I: tibia, medial to tibial tuberosity Action: flexion and internal rotation at knee
58
semitendinosis: O, I, and action
O: ischial tuberosity I: medial to tibial tuberosity A: Flexion and internal rotation at knee
59
rectus femoris: O, I, and action
O: anterior inferior iliac spine I: tibial tuberosity A: extension at knee joint
60
vastus medialis: O, I, and action
O: linea aspera of femur (medial side) I: Tibial tuberosity A: extension at knee joint
61
vastus intermedius: O, I, and action
O: femoral shaft (anterior side) I: tibial tuberosity A: extension of knee joint
62
vastus lateralis: O, I, and action
O: linea aspera of femur and greater trochanter I: tibial tuberosity A: extension of knee joint
63
semimembranosous: O, I, and action
O: ischial tuberosity I: medial tibial condyle A: flexion and external rotation of knee joint
64
biceps femoris: O, I, and action
O: Long head-ischial tuberosity, short head- linea aspera in middle of the femur I: head of fibula A: flexion and internal rotation of knee
65
anterior tibial muscle: O, I, and action
O: tibia I: medial cuneiform A: dorsiflexion and inversion
66
gastrocnemius: O, I, and action
O: lateral and medial epicondyles of femur I: calcaneus via achilles tendon A: plantar flexion
67
posterior tibial muscle: O, I, and action
O: interosseus membrane I: navicular tuberosity, all three cuneiforms, metatarsals 2-4 A: supination elevation of arch
68
soleus: O, I, and action
O: fibular head I: calcaneus via achille's tendon A: plantar flexion
69
peroneal longus: O, I, and action
O: fibula I: medial cuneform action: eversion (pronation)
70
peroneal brevis: OIA
O: Fibula I: 5th metatarsal action: eversion (pronation)
71
Give the basic schematic for the arteries from iliac artery to popliteal
common iliac artery splits off into internal and external iliac arteries. Internal iliac then feeds the superior and inferior gluteal arteries. The external iliac then becomes the femoral artery. On the superior part of the femoral artery, a branch goes deep (profunda). It then becomes the popliteal artery as it moves posterior at the lower part of the femur.
72
Give the schematic for arteries below the knee
the popliteal artery has a branch that moves to the front: anterior tibial artery. Then the posterior two are: posterior tibial artery (lateral) and fibular artery (medial)
73
Superficial or deep: 1. femoral vein 2. Great saphenous 3. popliteal 4. anterior tibial
1. deep 2. superficial 3. superficial 4. deep
74
femoral nerve: roots? muscles? motion?
Roots: L2, L3, L4 Muscles: iliacus, sartorius, quadriceps motions: knee extension and hip flexion
75
superior gluteal nerve: roots? Muscles? motion?
Roots: L4, L5, S1, S2 Muscles: Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus Motions: hip abduction
76
inferior gluteal nerve: roots? muscles? motion?
Roots: L5, S1, S2 Muscles: Gluteus maximus motion: hip extension
77
sciatic nerve: roots? motion? branches?
Roots: L4, L5, S1, S2, S3 Motion: hamstrings and knee flexion Branches: Tibial nerve and peroneal (fibular nerve)
78
Tibial nerve: muscles and motion
muscles: calf muscles, posterior tibia, long toe flexors | motion, plantar flexion of ankle, inversion of foot
79
fibular nerve: muscles and motion
Muscles: peroneals, anterior tibial, toe extensors motion: dorsiflexion of the ankle and eversion of foot

A & P Lab (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions