A-C Flashcards
Adenosine (Adult)
Indication - SVT
How it Works - Decrease electrical conduction through the AV node.
Contra - hypersensitivity, Drug Induced tach, bradycardia
Dose : 6mg, 12mg, 12mg (fast IV w/ flush)
Side Effects - lightheadedness, hypotension, nausea
Albuterol
Indication - Bronchospasm from Asthma or COPD
How it Works - Bronchodilation (beta2)
Contra - Pregnant (except in life threatening situation)
Dose - 2.5mg in 3ml (if NO improvement on the first, combine with Atrovent) all 3 doses the same
Side Effects - Tachycardia, Hypertension, Restlessness
Alcaine
Indication - Burns to the eyes or corneal abrasion
How it Works - Blocks impulses from sensory nerves
Contra - Trauma/ Laceration to the eye
-Foreign body, or allergies to Caine drugs
Dose - 1-2 drops every 5 min (Max 3 doses)
Side Effects - Initial burning or stinging sensation
Amiodarone HCI (Adult)
Indication - Vfib &Vtach
How it Works - Blocks Calcium, Sodium and Potassium Channels
Contra - cardiogenic shock and bradycardia
Dose - VFib/ VTach w/o a pulse - 1st 300mg IV/IO
2nd 150 mg IV/IO
VTach w/ pulse - 150mg over 10 min
Side Effect - Hypotension (if given rapid infusion), bradycardia, CHF
Amyl Nitrite
Indication - Acute cyanide poisoning with severe symptoms
How it Works - Amyl/ Sodium Nitrite: reducing agent that converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin
- Sodium Thiosulfate: sulfate forming compound that reacts with cyanide methemoglobin complex in the blood to detoxify the cyanide & allow for excretion in kidneys
Contra - If IV already established give sodium nitrite.
- Sodium thiosulfate: do not administer until sodium nitrite has been given first.
Dose - 1 Ampule crushed and inhaled
Side Effects - Hypotension - Vasodilation
Atrovent (Adult)
Indication - Bronchospasm that didn’t improve w/ 1st Albuterol
How it Works - Causes bronchodilation and dries secretions
Contra - sensitivity to atropine
- bronchospasms due to allergic reaction
Dose - .5mg in 2.5ml
Side Effects - dry mouth, nausea/ vomiting
Aspirin (Only Adults)
Indications - cardiac chest pain
How it Works - reduces platelet stickiness
Contra - Allergies to aspirin, GI Bleed, or Hemorrhagic Stroke
Dose - 324mg
Side Effects - None in emergency situations
Ativan (Adult)
Indication - Active seizure, status epilepticus or Sedation
How it Works - CNS Depressant that causes
- Muscle Relaxation
- Sedation
- Amnesia
Contra - Hypotension, Head Injury, Pregnancy (Except Eclamptic Seizures)
Dose - 2-10mg (IV, IM, IN)
Side Effects - Hypotension, Respiratory Depression, Confusion/ Stupor, Nausea, Vein Irrtiation
Atropine (Adult)
Indication - Symptomatic Bradycardia
- Organophosphate Poisoning
How it Works - Reverses vagal tone
- Blocks acetylcholine in organophosphate poisoning
Contra - Hypothermic Bradycardia
Dose - Sym Brady: .5mg IV every 3-5 min (max 3mg)
- Poisoning: 2-5mg every 15 min until secretion stops
Side Effects - Tachycardia, Blurred Vision, and Dry Mouth
Calcium Chloride
Indication - Hyperkalemia, Hypocalcemia, Mg OD, Ca Channel Blocker OD
How it Works - Helps conduct electrical current in the heart
- Assist in normal contractions of the heart
Contra - Hypercalcemia, Cardiac Arrest, Digitalis
Dose - 10-15mg/kg
Side Effects - Bradycardia and Hypotension if too much is pushed too fast
Calcium Gluconate
Indication - Hyperkalemia, Mg OD, Ca Channel Blocker OD
How it Works\
Contra - Hypercalcemia, Cardiac Arrest
Dose - 15 - 30ml of 10% solution
Side Effects - Bradycardia, Hypercalcemia
Cardizem Calcium Channel Blocker
Indication - Afib or Aflutter w/ RVR
- PSVT unresponsive to adenosine
How it Works - Blocks movement of calcium into the muscles
- Slows rate of ventricular response
Contra - Systolic <90
- Diastolic <60
- Wide complex tach
Dose- 1st dose: .25mg/kg
- 2nd dose .35mg/kg (IV push over 2 min)
Side Effects - Bradycardia, Hypotension
