A Childs Journey - Growth Charts Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 parameters of physical measurement?

A
  • Weight (grams and kg)
  • Length (cm) or height (if >2 years)
  • Head circumference (cm)
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2
Q

Where is information about growth stored?

A

Information is put on growth charts to compare to normal (rest of population)

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3
Q

What is the mean weight for children at:

  • birth
  • 4 months
  • 12 months
  • 3 years
A
  • Birth
    • 3.3kg
  • 4 months
    • 6.6kg
  • 12 months
    • 10kg
  • 3 years
    • 15kg
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4
Q

What is the mean length of children at:

  • birth
  • 4 months
  • 12 months
  • 3 years
A
  • Birth
    • 50cm
  • 4 months
    • 60cm
  • 12 months
    • 75cm
  • 3 years
    • 95cm
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5
Q

What is the mean occipital-frontal circumferance of children at:

  • birth
  • 12 months
A
  • Birth
    • 35cm
  • 12 months
    • 45cm
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6
Q

What is a centile?

A

Centile = % division of reference population sampled

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7
Q

What is the 50th centile?

A

If talking about 0.4 centile, if you take 1000 average health children, 4 are below this point and 996 are above

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8
Q

What does FTT stand for?

A

Failure to thrive

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9
Q

What is failure to thrive?

A

This is child growing too slowly in form and usually in function at the expected rate for his or her age:

  • Means supply of energy is less than demand for energy
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10
Q

What is the aetiology of failure to thrive?

A
  • Deficient intake (most commonly)
    • Maternal
      • Poor lactation
      • Incorrectly prepared feeds
      • Unusual milk or other feeds
      • Inadequate care
    • Infant
      • Prematurity
      • Small for dates
      • Oro palatal abnormalities (such as cleft palate)
      • Neuromuscular disease (such as cerebral palsy)
      • Genetic disorders
  • Increased metabolic demands
    • Think of each organ system – examples are congenital lung diseases, heart disease, liver disease, renal disease, infection, anaemia
  • Excessive nutrient loss
    • Gastro oesophageal reflux
    • Pyloric stenosis
    • Gastroenteritis
    • Malabsorption – food allergy, persistent diarrhoea, coeliac disease, pancreatic insufficiency, short bowel syndrome
  • Non-medical causes
    • Poverty/socio-economic status
    • Dysfunctional family interactions
    • Difficult parent-child interactions
    • Lack of parental support (such as no friends or extended family)
    • Lack of preparation for parenting/education
    • Child neglect
    • Emotional deprivation
    • Poor feeding
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11
Q

What is the most common cause of failure to thrive?

A

Deficient intake

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12
Q

What are possible causes of deficient intake?

A
  • Maternal
    • Poor lactation
    • Incorrectly prepared feeds
    • Unusual milk or other feeds
    • Inadequate care
  • Infant
    • Prematurity
    • Small for dates
    • Oro palatal abnormalities (such as cleft palate)
    • Neuromuscular disease (such as cerebral palsy)
    • Genetic disorders
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13
Q

What are possible causes of inceased metabolic demands?

A
  • Think of each organ system – examples are congenital lung diseases, heart disease, liver disease, renal disease, infection, anaemia
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14
Q

What are possible causes of excessive nutrient loss?

A
  • Gastro oesophageal reflux
  • Pyloric stenosis
  • Gastroenteritis
  • Malabsorption – food allergy, persistent diarrhoea, coeliac disease, pancreatic insufficiency, short bowel syndrome
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15
Q

What are possible non-medical causes of failure to thrive?

A
  • Poverty/socio-economic status
  • Dysfunctional family interactions
  • Difficult parent-child interactions
  • Lack of parental support (such as no friends or extended family)
  • Lack of preparation for parenting/education
  • Child neglect
  • Emotional deprivation
  • Poor feeding
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16
Q

Describe the process to diagnose failure to thrive?

A