A & P

Question 1

Describe pancreatic juice and what is it made up of?

Answer 1

clear, colorless liquid made up of three enzymes contains mostly water, some salts, and sodium bicarb

Question 2

What is a retroperitoneal organ that lies behind the stomach?

Answer 2

pancreas

Question 3

what does pancreatic amylase digest?

Answer 3

starch

Question 4

What does trypsin and chymotrypsin digest?

Answer 4

Protein

Question 5

What attaches to the large intestine at the ileocecal sphincter?

Answer 5

Ileum

Question 6

What contains lysosomes and kill bacteria protecting the mouth from infection?

Answer 6

Saliva

Question 7

What attaches to the pyloric sphincter of the stomach?

Answer 7

Duodenum

Question 8

What cells produce insulin ?

Answer 8

Beta cells

Question 9

What chemical is responsible for the brown color of human feces?

Answer 9

Stercobilin

Question 10

What sits just below the diaphragm, mostly on the right side?

Answer 10

Liver

Question 11

What is the make up of saliva?

Answer 11

99.5% water and 0.5% solutes

Question 12

What are the three phases of digestion?

Answer 12

• Cephalic
• Gastric
• Intestinal

Question 13

Food is pushed through the esophagus via what?

Answer 13

Peristalsis

Question 14

What hormone is produced by alpha cells in the pancreas?

Answer 14

Glucagon

Question 15

What is the liver responsible for?

Answer 15

• Carb metabolism
• Lipid metabolism
• protein metabolism
• process drugs and hormones
• excretes bilirubin
• storage of vitamins and minerals
• activation of vitamin D

Question 16

What lies anterior to the pharynx?

Answer 16

Esophagus

Question 17

What is the pH of pancreatic juice?

Answer 17

7.1-8.2

Question 18

What is the length of the small intestine?

Answer 18

10 ft living

21 ft dead

Question 19

What are the four regions of the large intestine?

Answer 19

• Cecum
• Colon
• Rectum
• Anal canal

Question 20

What phase of digestion includes the smell, sight, sound, or thought of food that activates neural centers in the brain?

Answer 20

Cephalic

Question 21

What is a J shaped organ of the GI tract?

Answer 21

Stomach

Question 22

What part of the Gi tract does the appendix attach too and is the first part of the large intestine?

Answer 22

Cecum

Question 23

What is necessary for the absorption of B12?

Answer 23

Parietal cells

Question 24

Where does the stomach sit within the abd cavity?

Answer 24

Extends from the end of the esophagus to the tip of the duodenum.

Question 25

What are the 4 main regions of the stomach?

Answer 25

- Cardia - Fundus - Body - Pylorus

Question 26

What is broken down into the ascending, transverse depending, and sigmoid portion?

Answer 26

Colon

Question 27

What secrets pepsinogen?

Answer 27

Chief cells

Question 28

What is a pear shaped sac that hangs form the inferior margin of the liver?

Answer 28

Gallbladder

Question 29

What does pancreatic lipase digest?

Answer 29

trigliceride

Question 30

What is the major hormonal regulator of HCL secretion and where is it secreted?

Answer 30

Gastrin and secreted by G cells in the pyloric antrum

Question 31

What is the active digestive enzyme?

Answer 31

Pepsin

Question 32

What make up the serosa?

Answer 32

- Visceral peritoneum (outermost layer) - Parietal peritoneum ( lines wall of abd cavity) - G greater omentum ("fatty apron" drapes over transfers colon and small intestine) - M Mesentery (binds small intestine to abd wall)

Question 33

What does ribonuclease digest?

Answer 33

nucleic acid

Question 34

What are the four layers that form the GI tract?

Answer 34

- Mucosa (Innermost) - Submucosa (areolar connective tissues, contain blood and lymphatic vessels that absorb food) - Muscularis (skeletal muscles and smooth muscle) - Serosa **two sub layers**

Question 35

What is a funnel shaped tube, located at the posterior end of the oral cavity?

Answer 35

Pharynx